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11. Mr. Ice sells ice cream for $1 each. Mr. Freeze sells a different ice cream for $3 each. On one
Sunday, at the end of the day’s business, Mr Ice had sold three times as many ice creams as
Mr Freeze. Interestingly, they had both also made the same amount of profit for that day.
Which of the following can be inferred from the above statements?
(A) The total cost incurred by Mr Freeze for that day was three times that incurred by Mr
Ice.
(B) Mr Ice’s ice cream is more popular than Mr. Freeze’s ice cream.
(C) The total cost incurred by Mr Ice for that day was three times that incurred by Mr.
Freeze.
(D) Mr Freeze’s ice cream sells in smaller numbers because of its higher selling price.
(E) Both Mr Ice and Mr Freeze incurred the same costs for that day.
12. The main purpose of business is to maximise shareholder value over the long term by selling
goods or services. Thus, employees who use funds for anything other than to increase their
sales are simply cheating the shareholders.
Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?
(A) Most business owners would agree with the above definition of the purpose of a
business.
(B) Increasing sales is not the only way to maximise shareholder value.
(C) Spending money on making the workplace more comfortable for employees will not
lead to increased worker productivity and in turn increased business profits.
(D) The only function of a business is to maximise returns for its shareholders.
(E) According to this definition, many employees could be accused of cheating.
13. The Bakers football team has been struggling for form all through the past two years in
which it has not even managed to reach the semi-finals of any major football tournament.
To arrest this decline, the team management has now decided to reappoint its former coach,
Charles Keith, who had been sacked two years back.
Which of the following options gives reason to believe that the team management’s strategy
may not work?
(A) Several of the team’s most successful players have left the team in the past two years.
(B) The team has been receiving a lot of negative press for its poor performance in the
past two years.
(C) Charles Keith had been sacked two years ago by the team management on account of
corruption charges, which couldn’t eventually be proved.
(D) The team that Charles Keith has been coaching for the past two years hasn’t been
performing really well either.
(E) The continuous string of poor performances has led to a loss of morale among several
of the members of the football team.
14. A jewellery manufacturer produces rings in two metals—gold and platinum. The
manufacturer has noted that, over the last three years, the gold rings have consistently
outsold the platinum ones by a large margin, even though the designs available in both
the metals are exactly the same. This has led the manufacturer to conclude that consumers
prefer gold to platinum.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) Over the last three years, diamond rings have outsold both gold and platinum ones.
(B) Jewellery buyers give more importance to design than to the metal used.
(C) Platinum is easier to maintain than is gold.
(D) Platinum rings take longer to produce than do gold rings.
(E) Gold rings cost considerably less than do platinum ones .
15. It is not correct on the part of the district administration to ban the sport of drag racing.
After all, only 50 people have been injured in the last one year while drag racing whereas
more than 400 people have been injured while playing baseball. The administration should,
thus, ban baseball instead.
The argument above is flawed because:
(A) It compares two different types of sports.
(B) It does not take into account the treatment cost of the injuries.
(C) It fails to take into account the total number of people who drag race and the total
number of people who play baseball.
(D) It does not take into account injuries caused in other sports such as boxing.
(E) It uses inaccurate data to support its conclusion.
16. Almost all arguments against the theory of evolution stem from the fact that it is very
difficult to prove how a group of non-living elements can combine together and give rise
to life. However, just because something cannot be proved with certainty today doesn’t
mean that the possibility isn’t there. Remember, there was a time when almost the whole
world believed the Earth was the centre of the universe until Galileo came by and proved
otherwise.
The statements above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?
(A) At one point of time, Galileo was the only person who believed that the earth was not
the centre of the universe.
(B) A majority of scientists do not agree with the theory of evolution.
(C) It is difficult to prove the theory of evolution with certainty.
(D) When Galileo stated that the sun and not the earth was the centre of the universe, he
was called insane by his compatriots.
17. 30 years ago, residents of Pandora County used to buy an average of 10 books every year.
Today the residents of Pandora County buy an average of three books every year. Therefore,
it can be concluded that book sales in Pandora County must have fallen over these 30 years.
The argument above rests on which of the following assumptions?
(A) The residents of Pandora County used to have more free time 30 years ago than they
do now.
(B) The residents of Pandora County have many more activities that vie for their attention
today than 30 years back.
(C) The population of Pandora County hasn’t increased significantly in the last 30 years.
(D) The literacy rate hasn’t significantly changed in Pandora County over the past 30
years.
18. Which of the following most logically completes the argument below?
A new palm vein scanning technology is being developed by scientists that could be used
with laptops or other tablet devices. This technology involves the use of a biometric sensor
that can scan the unique pattern of veins in a person’s palm to verify their identity. This
technology could do away with the problem of remembering multiple passwords to access
different websites. However, the technology would require new biometric sensors to be built
into computers but this should not be a hindrance in the success of the new technology,
because___________________________.
(A) the new technology is bound to be extremely popular with computer users
(B) the biometric sensors do not cost a lot of money and are available in plentiful supply
(C) most people have forgotten one or more of their passwords at some point in their
lives
(D) there is almost always a market for innovations such as these
(E) the biometric sensors can be easily and cost effectively built into computers
19. Those who claim that the Kribki Company is poorly managed often cite, as evidence, the
fact that the Kribki Company has twice as many complaints listed against it on a popular
complaint website than its nearest competitor. However, this data does not necessarily prove
that the Kribki Company is poorly managed because ____________________.
Which of the following best completes the argument above?
(A) the Kribki Company also has a lot of loyal customers who have great things to say
about it
(B) the website on which the complaints are listed started operations only one year ago
whereas the Kribki Company has been in the business for more than three decades
(C) the Kribki Company has twice as many people manning its customer service
department than its nearest competitor
(D) the Kribki Company has six times as many customers as its nearest competitor
(E) the Kribki Company does eventually manage to resolve the complaints of most of its
customers
20. Angel dusting is a process wherein an ingredient, which would be beneficial in a reasonable
quantity, is instead added by manufacturers to their products in an insignificant quantity so
that they can make the claim that their product contains that ingredient, and mislead the
consumer into expecting that they will gain the benefit of that ingredient. For example, a
cereal may claim it contains “10 essential vitamins and minerals”, but the amounts of each
may be only 1% or less of the Reference Daily Intake, providing virtually no benefit or
nutrition.
If the above statements are true, which of the following could be an example of Angel
dusting?
(A) A laptop that claims to have the longest battery backup, actually has a backup just
10% longer than is provided by its closest competitor.
(B) A book that claims to cover all the concepts of Organic Chemistry actually provides
just one example of each concept.
(C) A vitamin capsule that claims to contain 23 vitamins and amino acids contains less
than 3% of each.
(D) A protein shake that claims to contain a magic ingredient that can make muscles
grow faster, only contains 20% of this ingredient’s daily recommended intake.
(E) An apartment that claims to have used Italian marble for its flooring has used exactly
one slab of Italian marble and the remaining ninety-nine slabs of regular marble
21. In the year 2000, olive oils made up just 40% of the liquid oils market, with standard oils
taking 52% and speciality oils accounting for the remainder. But now, fuelled by health
concerns and a general move towards premium products, the tables have turned. Today, the
olive oil sector is worth some $104 million and alone accounts for an estimated 51% of the
total market.
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information
above?
(A) In 2000, the total worth of the olive oil sector was less than $104 million.
(B) The total sales of the standard oils at present time are lower than their sales in 2000.
(C) Olive oil is healthier than all other liquid oils available in the market.
(D) The market share of the standard oils category today must have declined from what
it was in 2000.
(E) The total worth of the specialty oil category today is higher than what it was in 2000.
22. The consumption of tobacco in the country has fallen drastically in the past one year.
During the same period of time, the government has been running a sustained advertising
campaign to educate citizens about the ill effects of chewing tobacco. Thus, the government’s
advertising campaign has proved to be a resounding success.
Which of the following options most weakens the argument above?
(A) The government has had to spend a huge amount of money on this advertising
campaign, an amount that it will eventually recover from the general public in the
form of new taxes.
(B) More and more tobacco consumers in the past one year have now shifted to consuming
relatively harmless substances such as chewing gum.
(C) The consumption of alcoholic drinks has increased in the country in the past one year.
(D) Tobacco prices have more than tripled in the country in the past one year.
(E) All the major tobacco companies are still in business in the country.
23. Jim Rogers: It’s very difficult for foreigners to do business in India because India doesn’t
like foreigners and keeps them away. The biggest proof of this is Walmart, which has many
stores in China, but not a single fully-owned store in India, simply because India doesn’t like
overseas businessmen.
Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?
A) There is nothing that can make India like foreign businessmen.
(B) The fact that Walmart has many stores in China proves that China loves foreigners.
(C) The limited size of the Indian market hasn’t stopped Walmart from entering India.
(D) Any foreign company other than Walmart is also not present in India.
(E) China’s policies are probably more favourable towards foreigners than are India’s
policies.
24. Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
A recent experiment has revealed that a person stands the best chance of surviving a plane
crash if he or she is sitting at the back of the aircraft. A Boeing 727 was crashed on purpose
into the Sahara desert, and various aspects of the impact were analysed. One of the findings
of this experiment was that dummies placed at the back of the airplane suffered much less
damage than the ones placed at the front. Thus, when traveling by airplanes, you would be
much better off sitting at the back, assuming __________________.
(A) that all the seats at the back of the plane haven’t already been booked
(B) that the plane will be flying over the Sahara desert
(C) that the plane is manufactured by Boeing and has been part of the test described in
the stimulus
(D) that the plane does not crash on its tail
(E) that these results apply to airplane crashes in general, and not just to those of old 727s
into sand.
25. According to some people, income tax should be done away with in the US since there are
several other ways to collect taxes. A few countries in Europe have successfully abolished
income taxes by raising other taxes such as sales tax. Of course, this makes products more
expensive but with the added amount of money you would receive on your paycheck, you
will still be better off than you were paying income taxes.
Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the argument above?
(A) The prices of products in European countries, when converted into US dollars at
current rates are very similar to their prices in the United States.
(B) The increase in prices of products because of the increased sales tax rate will not more
than offset the benefit of not paying any income taxes.
(C) The legislative body in the United States has stated that it will support the move to
abolish income tax.
(D) Apart from increasing sales tax, the government can also increase other special taxes
such as those on petroleum products.
(E) The government has enough funds in reserve currently to be able to absorb any shock
because of lowered tax collection.
26. The reason for Kim’s excellent performance in her final college tests is that she used to study
for eight hours every day.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
(A) The fact that Kim took classes from the Teaching Company is not the reason for her
excellent performance in her college tests.
(B) In addition to studying for eight hours every day, Kim also did not miss a single class
in her college.
(C) In addition to her excellent performance in the college tests, Kim also won several
awards for her performance in extracurricular activities such as debates and dramatics.
(D) Both of Kim’s parents are geniuses.
(E) Some of Kim’s friends, who used to study for much less duration than her, also
performed very well on their final college tests.
27. A study of 1000 American citizens has found that 70 per cent of them would not work
for a company with bad reputation even if they were unemployed and that nearly 90 per
cent of them would consider leaving their current jobs if they were offered another role
with a company that had an excellent corporate reputation. Of those willing to work for a
company with a bad reputation, the research found that, on average, it would take doubling
an employee’s salary for them to make such a jump.
If the statements above are true, which of the following conclusions is most strongly
supported by them?
(A) At least 10% of the people in the survey would not mind working for a company with
a bad reputation but would also consider leaving their current jobs to join another
company with excellent corporate reputation.
(B) The survey is representative of the worker pool across the United States.
(C) At least 25% of the people in the survey would agree to do an unethical act if their
salary was substantially increased.
(D) For US workers, higher salary takes precedence over the reputation of the company
they work for.
(E) If a company in the US expects to attract the best talent, it must either have an
excellent corporate reputation or be ready to pay high salaries.
28. One way in which companies can increase their productivity is by making use of
telecommuting. Many office workers waste a lot of time in their cars or other modes of road
transport every morning trying to reach office, and a lot of them spend their day attending
video conferences and typing emails, activities which could easily be carried out from the
comfort of their homes. So it makes sense for companies to encourage their employees to
use telecommuting services and work from home rather than travel to the office every day.
In order to evaluate the above argument, it would be useful to determine each of the
following EXCEPT:
(A) Whether the cost of telecommuting will more than offset the increased productivity
that comes about from its use
(B) Whether the day to day work of most companies involves physical interaction
amongst their employees
(C) Whether a large part of the work of an average employee can be conducted using
telecommuting services
(D) Whether the use of telecommuting service will lead to increased revenues for the
companies adopting this service
(E) Whether the general traffic situation is likely to dramatically improve in the future
29. Buyers of used cars must love the color white. Of all the used cars sold in the country this
year, as many as 60% were white.
Which of the following most weakens the argument?
(A) The color white is easier to maintain and hides scratches really well, unlike other
colors such as black.
(B) White has been the most preferred car color of new car buyers in the country for
several decades now.
(C) The prices of used cars do not vary on the basis of the color of the cars.
(D) There are more new cars sold in the country than used cars.
(E) The huge depreciation costs on new cars make it very attractive to buy used cars in
the country.
30. Researchers have found that one in five patients hospitalized for heart attack experiences a
major depression. According to the cardiologists who conducted the research, the depressed
patients are 55 percent more likely than other heart attack patients to need hospital care for
a heart problem again within a year and three times as likely to die from a future attack or
other heart-related conditions.
If the statements above are true, which of the following must be true?
(A) If a person dies of a heart attack, there is a high probability that he may have been
suffering from depression as well.
(B) If a patient needs to be re-hospitalised for a heart related problem within a year of his
earlier heat attack, it is very likely that he may be suffering from depression.
(C) There are some similarities between symptoms of depression and symptoms of a
heart attack in a patient.
(D) Depressed people are more likely to die of a heart attack than are people who do not
suffer from depression.
SOLUTIONS
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