A. Truth was an automatic hereditary property of theoremhood.
B. Mathematical statements in such systems are patterns made up of arbitrary symbols.
C. The beauty of a mechanistic vision of mathematics was that it eliminated all need for thought or judgement.
D. As long as the axioms were true statements falsehoods simply could never creep in.
- a. ACDB
- b. CDAB
- c. BCAD
- d. DABC
To appreciate Gödel's theorem, it is crucial to understand how mathematics was perceived at the time. After many centuries of being a typically sloppy human mishmash in which vague intuitions and precise logic coexisted on equal terms, mathematics at the end of the 19th century was finally being shaped up. So-called formal systems were devised (the prime example being Russell and Whitehead's Principia Mathematica) in which theorems, following strict rules of inference, sprout from axioms like limbs from a tree. This process of theorem sprouting had to start somewhere, and that is where the axioms came in: they were the primordial seeds, the Ur-theorems from which all others sprang.
The beauty of this mechanistic vision of mathematics was that it eliminated all need for thought or judgment. As long as the axioms were true statements and as long as the rules of inference were truth preserving, mathematics could not be derailed; falsehoods simply could never creep in. Truth was an automatic hereditary property of theoremhood.
The set of symbols in which statements in formal systems were written generally included, for the sake of clarity, standard numerals, plus signs, parentheses and so forth, but they were not a necessary feature; statements could equally well be built out of icons representing plums, bananas, apples and oranges, or any utterly arbitrary set of chicken scratches, as long as a given chicken scratch always turned up in the proper places and only in such proper places. Mathematical statements in such systems were, it then became ap
OA B
http://www.jacanaent.com/Biographies/Pages/GodelK.htm
STRATEGY #1 :OPTIONS -- CD occurs a/b AD occurs b/d . Without reading this PJ ( if i am guessing ) I will mark B . On reading I find B is the answer In fact reading will confuse me :)
STRATEGY #2 - OPENING SENTENCE - 'truth was .. A unlikely , 'such systems ' B unlikely , As long as .. D unlikely
Combine S1 and S2 - DEFINITELY Answer is B
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