Passage 34
Sarah Meyers McGinty, in her useful new book Power Talk: Using
Language to Build Authority and Influence, argues that while the
simple lingual act of declaring power doesn not help a powerless
person gain influence, wellconsidered linguistic techniques and
maneuvers do.
McGinty does not dispute the importance of factors such as expertise
and ability in determining stature, but argues persuasively that these
power determinants amount to little in a person unable to communicate
effectively. Management theorists share McGinty's view that
communication is essential for success and many surveys have shown
that the ability to communicate effectively is the characteristic
judged by managers to be most critical in determining promotability.
McGinty divides speech into two categories: "language from the center"
and "language from the edge". In McGinty's words, "Language from the
center makes a speaker sound like a leader." McGinty suggests that not
only is language from the center for those in high positions of power,
but it is also for those of lower ranks who wish to gain more power
and credibility. A speaker using language from the center exhibits the
following: he directs rather than responds; he makes statements rather
than asks questions; he contradicts, argues, and disagrees; he uses
his experience persuasively; and he maintains an air of impersonality
in the workplace. McGinty suggests that the use of language from the
center can alter or create a new balance of power. These assertions
are
supported by studies that show that people accept leadership from
those they perceive to be experts.
Language from the edge stands in stark contrast to language from the
center. Language from the edge is careful, exploratory, and inquiring.
It is inclusive, deferential, and collaborative. A speaker using
language
from the edge responds rather than directs; asks questions; strives to
make others feel heard and protected; and avoids argument. The main
purpose of language from the center is to claim authority for a
speaker, while language from the edge strives to build consensus and
trust. McGinty argues that true power comes from a deep understanding
of when to use which style and the ability to use both as necessary.
What distinguishes McGinty's discussion of effective communication is
her focus on communication skills as a way of gaining power; this
contrasts with most general management theory, which focuses on
communication skills as a way of preventing misunderstandings,
avoiding conflict, and fostering interpersonal relationships. McGinty,
however, holds that language not only helps maintain relationships but
also lends authority. According to Power Talk, effective communication
skill "is an understanding of how situation shapes speech and how
speech shapes situation" and "an understanding of how speech styles
and the forces that affect those styles . . . can build your
authority, and enhance your credibility and impact."
1. The passage suggests that McGinty would be most likely to agree
with which of the following?
a) Language from the center is more effective than language from the edge.
b) Managers who use language from the edge are not authoritative.
c) Powerful people are both authoritative and inclusive.
d) The only way to become powerful is to learn to use language from the center.
e) Language from the edge is used primarily by lowlevel employees.
2. The primary focus of the passage is on which of the following?
a) Demonstrating the effectiveness of a certain framework in the business world
b) Explaining the advantages and disadvantages of a proposed approach
to business communication
c) Analyzing the details of a controversial theory of business
d) Presenting a new model of business communication
e) Defending an outdated method of personnel management
3. The passage suggests that which of the following would be an
example of someone using language from the center?
a) A low-level employee requesting help on a project beyond his capabilities
b) A manager explaining the benefits of a new procedure by drawing on
the procedure's success in another setting
c) A low-level employee believing that he has been wrongly criticized
by his supervisors
d) A manager soliciting opinions from his workforce regarding a proposed change
e) A low-level employee refusing to alter his behavior despite
repeated warnings
4. Which of the following best describes the relation of the fourth
paragraph to the passage a whole?
a) It summarizes and contextualizes McGinty's argument.
b) It questions the usefulness of McGinty's thesis.
c) It casts doubt on the universality of management theory.
d) It supports an alternative view of McGinty's proposal.
e) It offers additional support for McGinty's conclusions.
Tuesday, 7 June 2016
8th JUNE RC#2
Passage 35
In recent years much attention has been paid to distilling those
factors that create a positive work environment for corporate
employees. The goal ultimately is to discover what allows some
companies to foster high employee morale while other companies
struggle with poor productivity and high managerial turnover. Several
theories have been posited, but none has drawn as much interest from
the corporate world, or has as much promise, as value congruence,
which measures the "fit" between an employee's values and those of
co-workers and the company itself.
Value congruence can be broken into three main subcategories:
person-environment ("P-E"), personperson ("P-P"), and perceptual fit
("PF"). Personenvironment congruence refers to a harmony between
the personal values of the employee and corporate culture of the
company in which he or she works. Someone with a high P-E congruence
feels personally in tune with his company's stated policies and goals.
Conversely, someone with a low P-E congruence feels a sense of
disharmony between his own values and the stated policies and goals of
his company. A high P-P congruence indicates a sense
of solidarity with one's co-workers in terms of shared values and
goals. A low P-P congruence indicates a sense of isolation from
co-workers brought about by an absence of shared values. Finally,
strong PF suggests a strong correspondence between the values that an
employee perceives his company to have (whether or not the company
actually does) and the values that his co-workers perceive the company
to have (again, whether or not it actually does). A weak PF implies
that an employee's perception of his company's values differs
significantly
from that of his co-workers.
Research has shown that P-E and PF congruence are important measures
of employee satisfact ion, commitment, and likelihood of turnover,
while P-P congruence has little bearing on these parameters.
Moreover, PF is especially important in establishing harmonious
relations between workers and managers. These measures give
corporations a robust paradigm for long-term personnel planning and
productivity potentials: they allow companies to discover
dysfunctional work relationships and clarify misperceived company
policies and goals. With these tools in hand, companies can look
forward to increased employee satisfaction and, ultimately, improved
company performance.
1. According to the passage, which of the following was a motivation
in the creation of the system of value congruence?
a) a desire to minimize the liability of upper management for
employee dissatisfaction
b) a desire to help companies to improve their internal harmony
c) a desire to allow employees to increase their earning potential
d) a desire to foster awareness of factors influencing managerial success
e) a desire to eliminate discrepancies between a company's goals and
the values of its employees
2. The passage suggests that perceptual fit congruence would be most
useful in determining which of the following?
a) whether a company ought to make its policies and goals more transparent
b) whether a company ought to provide sensitivity training for its management
c) whether a company ought to create more opportunities for
interaction among workers
d) whether a company ought to address employee grievances more directly
e) whether a company ought to implement a more elaborate orientation
program for new employees
3. The primary focus of the passage is on which of the following?
a) Comparing a new theory of corporate performance to a discredited
theory and predicting the usefulness of the new theory.
b) Illustrating a new approach to measuring employee satisfaction
through a detailed analysis of a particular case.
c) Challenging an old view of employee commitment and suggesting that
a new paradigm is necessary.
d) Promoting a new method of measuring the likelihood of corporate
success by explaining its benefits.
e) Defending a proposed system of corporate analysis through examples
of its success.
In recent years much attention has been paid to distilling those
factors that create a positive work environment for corporate
employees. The goal ultimately is to discover what allows some
companies to foster high employee morale while other companies
struggle with poor productivity and high managerial turnover. Several
theories have been posited, but none has drawn as much interest from
the corporate world, or has as much promise, as value congruence,
which measures the "fit" between an employee's values and those of
co-workers and the company itself.
Value congruence can be broken into three main subcategories:
person-environment ("P-E"), personperson ("P-P"), and perceptual fit
("PF"). Personenvironment congruence refers to a harmony between
the personal values of the employee and corporate culture of the
company in which he or she works. Someone with a high P-E congruence
feels personally in tune with his company's stated policies and goals.
Conversely, someone with a low P-E congruence feels a sense of
disharmony between his own values and the stated policies and goals of
his company. A high P-P congruence indicates a sense
of solidarity with one's co-workers in terms of shared values and
goals. A low P-P congruence indicates a sense of isolation from
co-workers brought about by an absence of shared values. Finally,
strong PF suggests a strong correspondence between the values that an
employee perceives his company to have (whether or not the company
actually does) and the values that his co-workers perceive the company
to have (again, whether or not it actually does). A weak PF implies
that an employee's perception of his company's values differs
significantly
from that of his co-workers.
Research has shown that P-E and PF congruence are important measures
of employee satisfact ion, commitment, and likelihood of turnover,
while P-P congruence has little bearing on these parameters.
Moreover, PF is especially important in establishing harmonious
relations between workers and managers. These measures give
corporations a robust paradigm for long-term personnel planning and
productivity potentials: they allow companies to discover
dysfunctional work relationships and clarify misperceived company
policies and goals. With these tools in hand, companies can look
forward to increased employee satisfaction and, ultimately, improved
company performance.
1. According to the passage, which of the following was a motivation
in the creation of the system of value congruence?
a) a desire to minimize the liability of upper management for
employee dissatisfaction
b) a desire to help companies to improve their internal harmony
c) a desire to allow employees to increase their earning potential
d) a desire to foster awareness of factors influencing managerial success
e) a desire to eliminate discrepancies between a company's goals and
the values of its employees
2. The passage suggests that perceptual fit congruence would be most
useful in determining which of the following?
a) whether a company ought to make its policies and goals more transparent
b) whether a company ought to provide sensitivity training for its management
c) whether a company ought to create more opportunities for
interaction among workers
d) whether a company ought to address employee grievances more directly
e) whether a company ought to implement a more elaborate orientation
program for new employees
3. The primary focus of the passage is on which of the following?
a) Comparing a new theory of corporate performance to a discredited
theory and predicting the usefulness of the new theory.
b) Illustrating a new approach to measuring employee satisfaction
through a detailed analysis of a particular case.
c) Challenging an old view of employee commitment and suggesting that
a new paradigm is necessary.
d) Promoting a new method of measuring the likelihood of corporate
success by explaining its benefits.
e) Defending a proposed system of corporate analysis through examples
of its success.
8th June - RC 1
Passage 3
For years, U.S. employers have counted on a steady flow of labor from
Mexico willing to accept low-skilled, low paying jobs. These workers,
many of whom leave economically depressed villages in the Mexican
interior, are often more than willing to work for wages well below
both the U.S. minimum wage and the poverty line. However, thanks to a
dramatic demographic shift currently taking place in Mexico, the
seemingly inexhaustible supply of workers migrating from Mexico to the
United States might one day greatly diminish if not cease.
Predictions of such a drastic decrease in the number of Mexican
immigrants, both legal and illegal, are driven by Mexico's rapidly
diminishing population growth. As a result of a decades-long family
planning campaign, most Mexicans are having far fewer children than
was the norm a generation ago. The campaign, organized around the
slogan that "the small family lives better," saw the Mexican
government establish family-planning clinics and offer free
contraception. For nearly three decades, the government's message
concerning population hasn't wavered. In fact, the Mexican Senate
recently voted to extend public school sex education programs to
kindergarten.
The result of Mexico's efforts to stem population growth is nothing
short of stunning. In 1968, the average Mexican woman had just fewer
than seven children; today, the figure is slightly more than two. For
two primary reasons, Mexico's new demographics could greatly impact
the
number of Mexicans seeking work in the U.S. First, smaller families by
their nature limit the pool of potential migrants. Second, the slowing
of Mexico's population growth has fostered hope that Mexico will
develop a healthy middle class of people content to make their
livelihoods in their home country.
Though the former of these factors is all but assured, the growth of a
healthy middle class is far from a foregone conclusion. The critical
challenge for Mexico is what it does with the next 20 years. Mexico
must invest in education, job training, and infrastructure, as well as
a
social-security system to protect its aging population. If Mexico is
willing to step forward and meet this challenge, America may one day
wake up to find that, like cheap gasoline, cheap Mexican labor has
become a thing of the past.
1. The passage does NOT indicate which of the following concerning
Mexico's current demographics?
a) Due to the government's family planning campaign, Mexico's
population is currently diminishing.
b) On average, Mexican women are having approximately one-third the
number of children that they had in 1968.
c) Many Mexicans still migrate to the United States in search of work.
d) As a result of declining birth rates, Mexico's population is aging.
e) A healthy middle class in Mexico has not yet fully developed.
2. Which of the following can be inferred about U.S. employers of
Mexican immigrants?
a) Most of these employers pay Mexican immigrants less money than
they pay American citizens.
b) Some of these employers violate wage laws.
c) Many of these employers work in the agricultural industry.
d) Without Mexican immigrants, some of these employers would be forced
to close their businesses.
e) The majority of these employers show no concern for the welfare of
their workers.
3. With which of the following statements would the author of the
passage MOST likely agree?
a) The United States will soon have to replace lost Mexican labor with
labor provided by other immigrant groups.
b) It is difficult for a country with a large population to develop a
healthy middle class.
c) Many Mexican immigrants who work in the United States believe that
they are taken advantage of by American employers.
d) Most rapidly growing countries should institute a family planning
campaign to limit population growth.
e) Mexico does not currently have the infrastructure to develop a
healthy middle class.
4. One function of the final paragraph of the passage is to
a) relate why the number of Mexican immigrants seeking work in the
United States is certain to decline.
b) detail the successes of Mexico's family planning campaign.
c) explain why the number of Mexican immigrants seeking work in the
United States may not dramatically decrease.
d) specify the types of infrastructure in which Mexico must invest.
e) notify American employers that they will soon need to find
alternative sources of labor.
For years, U.S. employers have counted on a steady flow of labor from
Mexico willing to accept low-skilled, low paying jobs. These workers,
many of whom leave economically depressed villages in the Mexican
interior, are often more than willing to work for wages well below
both the U.S. minimum wage and the poverty line. However, thanks to a
dramatic demographic shift currently taking place in Mexico, the
seemingly inexhaustible supply of workers migrating from Mexico to the
United States might one day greatly diminish if not cease.
Predictions of such a drastic decrease in the number of Mexican
immigrants, both legal and illegal, are driven by Mexico's rapidly
diminishing population growth. As a result of a decades-long family
planning campaign, most Mexicans are having far fewer children than
was the norm a generation ago. The campaign, organized around the
slogan that "the small family lives better," saw the Mexican
government establish family-planning clinics and offer free
contraception. For nearly three decades, the government's message
concerning population hasn't wavered. In fact, the Mexican Senate
recently voted to extend public school sex education programs to
kindergarten.
The result of Mexico's efforts to stem population growth is nothing
short of stunning. In 1968, the average Mexican woman had just fewer
than seven children; today, the figure is slightly more than two. For
two primary reasons, Mexico's new demographics could greatly impact
the
number of Mexicans seeking work in the U.S. First, smaller families by
their nature limit the pool of potential migrants. Second, the slowing
of Mexico's population growth has fostered hope that Mexico will
develop a healthy middle class of people content to make their
livelihoods in their home country.
Though the former of these factors is all but assured, the growth of a
healthy middle class is far from a foregone conclusion. The critical
challenge for Mexico is what it does with the next 20 years. Mexico
must invest in education, job training, and infrastructure, as well as
a
social-security system to protect its aging population. If Mexico is
willing to step forward and meet this challenge, America may one day
wake up to find that, like cheap gasoline, cheap Mexican labor has
become a thing of the past.
1. The passage does NOT indicate which of the following concerning
Mexico's current demographics?
a) Due to the government's family planning campaign, Mexico's
population is currently diminishing.
b) On average, Mexican women are having approximately one-third the
number of children that they had in 1968.
c) Many Mexicans still migrate to the United States in search of work.
d) As a result of declining birth rates, Mexico's population is aging.
e) A healthy middle class in Mexico has not yet fully developed.
2. Which of the following can be inferred about U.S. employers of
Mexican immigrants?
a) Most of these employers pay Mexican immigrants less money than
they pay American citizens.
b) Some of these employers violate wage laws.
c) Many of these employers work in the agricultural industry.
d) Without Mexican immigrants, some of these employers would be forced
to close their businesses.
e) The majority of these employers show no concern for the welfare of
their workers.
3. With which of the following statements would the author of the
passage MOST likely agree?
a) The United States will soon have to replace lost Mexican labor with
labor provided by other immigrant groups.
b) It is difficult for a country with a large population to develop a
healthy middle class.
c) Many Mexican immigrants who work in the United States believe that
they are taken advantage of by American employers.
d) Most rapidly growing countries should institute a family planning
campaign to limit population growth.
e) Mexico does not currently have the infrastructure to develop a
healthy middle class.
4. One function of the final paragraph of the passage is to
a) relate why the number of Mexican immigrants seeking work in the
United States is certain to decline.
b) detail the successes of Mexico's family planning campaign.
c) explain why the number of Mexican immigrants seeking work in the
United States may not dramatically decrease.
d) specify the types of infrastructure in which Mexico must invest.
e) notify American employers that they will soon need to find
alternative sources of labor.
SC - Subject Verb Agreement
Ss2 - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:20:58 GMTIs the class gng to be conducted here?
Vinay - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:21:07 GMTYes
Qamar Sultana - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:21:19 GMTyes
Ss2 - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:21:27 GMTThanks
Ashwani - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:22:54 GMTOk
SK - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:23:05 GMTOk
Ss2 - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:32:34 GMTTA sir?
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:34:00 GMTHi
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:34:12 GMTNobody can comment
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:34:19 GMTPlease read
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:34:27 GMTany doubts ping me on FB
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:36:14 GMTVerbs are words that express action or state of being. There are three types of verbs: action verbs, linking verbs, and helping verbs. Action verbs are words that express action (give, eat, walk, etc.) or possession (have, own, etc.). Action verbs can be either transitive or intransitive.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:38:19 GMTBok mark this page for practise
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:38:21 GMThttp://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbtenseintro.html
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:39:27 GMTBasic Rule. A singular subject (she, Bill, car) takes a singular verb (is, goes, shines), whereas a plural subject takes a plural verb. Example: The list of items is/are on the desk. If you know that list is the subject, then you will choose is for the verb.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:41:36 GMTRule 1. A subject will come before a phrase beginning with of. This is a key rule for understanding subjects. The word of is the culprit in many, perhaps most, subject-verb mistakes. Hasty writers, speakers, readers, and listeners might miss the all-too-common mistake in the following sentence: Incorrect: A bouquet of yellow roses lend color and fragrance to the room. Correct: A bouquet of yellow roses lends . . . (bouquet lends, not roses lend)
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:42:24 GMTRule 2. Two singular subjects connected by or, either/or, or neither/nor require a singular verb. Examples: My aunt or my uncle is arriving by train today. Neither Juan nor Carmen is available. Either Kiana or Casey is helping today with stage decorations.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:42:34 GMTRule 3. The verb in an or, either/or, or neither/nor sentence agrees with the noun or pronoun closest to it. Examples: Neither the plates nor the serving bowl goes on that shelf. Neither the serving bowl nor the plates go on that shelf. This rule can lead to bumps in the road. For example, if I is one of two (or more) subjects, it could lead to this odd sentence: Awkward: Neither she, my friends, nor I am going to the festival. If possible, it's best to reword such grammatically correct but awkward sentences. Better: Neither she, I, nor my friends are going to the festival. OR She, my friends, and I are not going to the festival.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:42:49 GMTRule 4. As a general rule, use a plural verb with two or more subjects when they are connected by and. Example: A car and a bike are my means of transportation. But note these exceptions: Exceptions: Breaking and entering is against the law. The bed and breakfast was charming. In those sentences, breaking and entering and bed and breakfast are compound nouns.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:43:04 GMTRule 5a. Sometimes the subject is separated from the verb by such words as along with, as well as, besides, not, etc. These words and phrases are not part of the subject. Ignore them and use a singular verb when the subject is singular. Examples: The politician, along with the newsmen, is expected shortly. Excitement, as well as nervousness, is the cause of her shaking.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:43:31 GMTRule 5b. Parentheses are not part of the subject. Example: Joe (and his trusty mutt) was always welcome. If this seems awkward, try rewriting the sentence.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:43:52 GMTRule 6. In sentences beginning with here or there, the true subject follows the verb. Examples: There are four hurdles to jump. There is a high hurdle to jump. Here are the keys. NOTE: The word there's, a contraction of there is, leads to bad habits in informal sentences like There's a lot of people here today, because it's easier to say "there's" than "there are." Take care never to use there's with a plural subject.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:47:14 GMTRule 7. Use a singular verb with distances, periods of time, sums of money, etc., when considered as a unit. Examples: Three miles is too far to walk. Five years is the maximum sentence for that offense. Ten dollars is a high price to pay. BUT Ten dollars (i.e., dollar bills) were scattered on the floor.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:47:28 GMTRule 8. With words that indicate portions—e.g., a lot, a majority, some, all—Rule 1 given earlier in this section is reversed, and we are guided by the noun after of. If the noun after of is singular, use a singular verb. If it is plural, use a plural verb. Examples: A lot of the pie has disappeared. A lot of the pies have disappeared. A third of the city is unemployed. A third of the people are unemployed. All of the pie is gone. All of the pies are gone. Some of the pie is missing. Some of the pies are missing.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:47:44 GMTRule 9. With collective nouns such as group, jury, family, audience, population, the verb might be singular or plural, depending on the writer's intent. Examples: All of my family has arrived OR have arrived. Most of the jury is here OR are here. A third of the population was not in favor OR were not in favor of the bill.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:48:33 GMTNOTE Anyone who uses a plural verb with a collective noun must take care to be accurate—and also consistent. It must not be done carelessly. The following is the sort of flawed sentence one sees and hears a lot these days: The staff is deciding how they want to vote. Careful speakers and writers would avoid assigning the singular is and the plural they to staff in the same sentence. Consistent: The staff are deciding how they want to vote. Rewriting such sentences is recommended whenever possible. The preceding sentence would read even better as: The staff members are deciding how they want to vote.
VARC - Tue, 07 Jun 2016 17:53:22 GMTRule 10. The word were replaces was in sentences that express a wish or are contrary to fact: Example: If Joe were here, you'd be sorry. Shouldn't Joe be followed by was, not were, given that Joe is singular? But Joe isn't actually here, so we say were, not was. The sentence demonstrates the subjunctive mood, which is used to express things that are hypothetical, wishful, imaginary, or factually contradictory. The subjunctive mood pairs singular subjects with what we usually think of as plural verbs. Examples: I wish it were Friday. She requested that he raise his hand. In the first example, a wishful statement, not a fact, is being expressed; therefore, were, which we usually think of as a plural verb, is used with the singular subject I. Normally, he raise would sound terrible to us. However, in the second example, where a request is being expressed, the subjunctive mood is correct. Note: The subjunctive mood is losing ground in spoken English but should still be used in formal speech and writing.
Saturday, 4 June 2016
RC
Ghosts are not renowned for their sense of humour. As Charles Lamb (he
of the undeconstructed tales from
Shakespeare) put it; 'Can a ghost laugh, or shake his gaunt sides,
when you are pleasant with him?' But
the ghost of the theorist of farcical returns might well be something
of an exception. At any rate, one can't
help thinking that, were the personal spirit of Marx to be in any
position to take note of his conjurings in the
pages of Specters of Marx, it might be a little tickled in its gaunt
ribs, inclined even to give vent to some
hollow-sounding cries of mirth. For there is surely an element of
irony about this supposedly overdue
encounter between Derrida and Marx: namely, that it may be the cause -
and this conference is itself
confirming of the suspicion - of a certain rehabilitation of Marx.
I say 'certain' because we must add 'in the academy', or 'in
philosophy'. The rehabilitation may prove
some-what local and limited, but nonetheless its peculiarity should
not pass entirely without comment.
That the deconstructive turn in philosophy which looked to be
exorcizing Marx, and which was certainly
interpreted by many as wanting to do so, may be that which conjures
him forth again and puts him back
into philosophical vogue; that it may only be through the
authorization of Derrida that Marx may return from
the shadowy wings of the academy to centre stage and even be allowed a
speaking part: this is an odd
turnabout, maybe even a bit spooky, certainly a funny business.
Derrida is right that there are several
spirits of Marx, including some we may want finally to put to rest.
But one which we should surely continue
to summon is that which invites philosophy to be sensitive to its
context and effects, and to see the
humour in some of its own inversions. Regrettably, Derrida's return to
Marx is too little haunted by this
spirit of self-appraisal.
But how far, in any case, is this coming back to Marx a genuinely new
event, how far a revenant of Derrida's
earlier deferrings of the engagement with the ethical and the
political - which have always taken the form,
in fact, not so much of a postponement or a confident 'don't call me,
I'll call you', but of what one might call
a politely tentative gesturing towards a possible handshake with the nettle.
Three aspects of Specters of Marx seem noteworthy here. In the first
place, it offers a definite statement of
political affiliation. Derrida makes plain his distance from the
celebrants of the demise of Marxism and from
all those who would echo Fukuyama's triumphalist prophecies about the
'end of history'. He is very ready
to acknowledge that if we measure the out-of-jointness of our times by
the degree of human misery already
occurred or in the offing, then our times are indeed askew. In his ten
indictments of global capitalism, he
also makes it very clear that he subscribes to a broadly Marxist view
of the sources of the disorder.
31. The word closest to the contextual meaning of 'indictments' in the
passage is:
(a) Commandments (b) Pronouncements (c) Accusations (d) Postulates
32. How does the author view Derrida's earlier engagements with the
ethical and political?
(a) A possible collaboration with a wise group.
(b) An assertive and overt expression of postponement.
(c) An unpleasant collaboration, which can result in pain.
(d) A collaboration done with some reluctance but which can prove to
be highly profitable.
33. The author would agree with which of the following?
(a) Despite opposing some Marxist ideas, Derrida's writings hint at a
revival of Marx.
(b) These days we experience an equal amount of misery as we did in the past.
(c) The roots of our present disorder can be traced back reasonably
accurately by Marxist views.
(d) Derrida has never shown any indication in the past that he would
come back to conform with
some of Marx's views.
of the undeconstructed tales from
Shakespeare) put it; 'Can a ghost laugh, or shake his gaunt sides,
when you are pleasant with him?' But
the ghost of the theorist of farcical returns might well be something
of an exception. At any rate, one can't
help thinking that, were the personal spirit of Marx to be in any
position to take note of his conjurings in the
pages of Specters of Marx, it might be a little tickled in its gaunt
ribs, inclined even to give vent to some
hollow-sounding cries of mirth. For there is surely an element of
irony about this supposedly overdue
encounter between Derrida and Marx: namely, that it may be the cause -
and this conference is itself
confirming of the suspicion - of a certain rehabilitation of Marx.
I say 'certain' because we must add 'in the academy', or 'in
philosophy'. The rehabilitation may prove
some-what local and limited, but nonetheless its peculiarity should
not pass entirely without comment.
That the deconstructive turn in philosophy which looked to be
exorcizing Marx, and which was certainly
interpreted by many as wanting to do so, may be that which conjures
him forth again and puts him back
into philosophical vogue; that it may only be through the
authorization of Derrida that Marx may return from
the shadowy wings of the academy to centre stage and even be allowed a
speaking part: this is an odd
turnabout, maybe even a bit spooky, certainly a funny business.
Derrida is right that there are several
spirits of Marx, including some we may want finally to put to rest.
But one which we should surely continue
to summon is that which invites philosophy to be sensitive to its
context and effects, and to see the
humour in some of its own inversions. Regrettably, Derrida's return to
Marx is too little haunted by this
spirit of self-appraisal.
But how far, in any case, is this coming back to Marx a genuinely new
event, how far a revenant of Derrida's
earlier deferrings of the engagement with the ethical and the
political - which have always taken the form,
in fact, not so much of a postponement or a confident 'don't call me,
I'll call you', but of what one might call
a politely tentative gesturing towards a possible handshake with the nettle.
Three aspects of Specters of Marx seem noteworthy here. In the first
place, it offers a definite statement of
political affiliation. Derrida makes plain his distance from the
celebrants of the demise of Marxism and from
all those who would echo Fukuyama's triumphalist prophecies about the
'end of history'. He is very ready
to acknowledge that if we measure the out-of-jointness of our times by
the degree of human misery already
occurred or in the offing, then our times are indeed askew. In his ten
indictments of global capitalism, he
also makes it very clear that he subscribes to a broadly Marxist view
of the sources of the disorder.
31. The word closest to the contextual meaning of 'indictments' in the
passage is:
(a) Commandments (b) Pronouncements (c) Accusations (d) Postulates
32. How does the author view Derrida's earlier engagements with the
ethical and political?
(a) A possible collaboration with a wise group.
(b) An assertive and overt expression of postponement.
(c) An unpleasant collaboration, which can result in pain.
(d) A collaboration done with some reluctance but which can prove to
be highly profitable.
33. The author would agree with which of the following?
(a) Despite opposing some Marxist ideas, Derrida's writings hint at a
revival of Marx.
(b) These days we experience an equal amount of misery as we did in the past.
(c) The roots of our present disorder can be traced back reasonably
accurately by Marxist views.
(d) Derrida has never shown any indication in the past that he would
come back to conform with
some of Marx's views.
Monday, 30 May 2016
PJ Session
http://backchannelchat.com/Transcript/ViewPresented?roomId=nj3k7
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:38:08 GMTGood Morning Folks
neelam - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:39:38 GMTGM
shobhit - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:41:55 GMTGood morning sir
Sunil - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:21 GMTGood morning sir
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:29 GMTDONT COMMENT HERE
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:36 GMTcOMENT ON THE PUBLIC GROUP
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:39 GMToops
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:42 GMTorry for the caps
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:45 GMT"57. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. Teams focus on controlling
pain, nausea and other side effects; they also address patients'
worries and make sure they have help with making meals, dressing and
bathing when not hospitalized. B. Palliative care typically begins
with a long conversation about what the patient with a terminal
diagnosis wants out of his remaining life. C. Hospice care is
intensive palliative care including home nursing, but insurers usually
cover it only if the patient abandons medical treatment. D. It
includes the options any oncologist addresses: surgery, chemotherapy
and radiation and their side effects. E. But it also includes how much
suffering a patient wishes to bear, effects on the family, and legal,
insurance and religious issues. (a) BDEAC (b) CDEAB (c) BCDEA (d)
ADEBC"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:20 GMT:(
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:28 GMTNot a single correct answer yet
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:42 GMTunless my content developer messed
up the OAs
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:44 GMTemme read
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:48 GMTlemme
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:54:18 GMT"57. (a) Statement B begins the
discussion on palliative care. Statements D and E take the idea
further by describing what it includes. We can therefore narrow down
options to (a) and (c). They differ only with regard to the placement
of statement C. Statement C describes 'Hospice care', or intensive
palliative care which might include completely abandoning medical
treatment. Therefore, it cannot be put together with statements D,E
and A as they clearly include medical care."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:54:29 GMTagree ?
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:54:39 GMTyou can comment here if any query
Rahul Shukla - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:55:37 GMTC
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:56:36 GMT"58. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. From the moment he arrived
there its citizens resented him and his Martians and his youth and his
talent. B. Hollywood claimed Welles never would make the grade. C. At
announcements that his first two productions had been called off, the
town nodded knowingly. D. He was just a big bag of publicity. E. When
he grew a beard for his first film, a sporty press agent sent him a
bearded ham for Christmas; columnists dubbed him with nicknames like
"Little Orson Annie." (a) BDAEC (b) CBEAD (c) EABDC (d) BAECD"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:56:45 GMT"59. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. That's something Al Hirschfeld
did so beautifully, especially as his artwork changed during different
phases. B. The more spare it was, I found, the more moved I was. C. I
fight when people ask me to put color in a picture. D. A line with a
hand at the end of it can give you just enough to envision an arm. E.
I love color, but I'm more intrigued by the relationship between black
and white and space. (a) CEDBA (b) CEABD (c) ABCDE (d) DCEBA"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:56:51 GMT"60. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The best way to undermine the
traffickers is to tackle demand for their product. B. There has been
no significant increase in drug use, while take-up of treatments has
increased and health has improved. C. Portugal, where drug use was
decriminalised nearly 10 years ago, is showing the way. D. Its
evidence suggests the most persuasive argument against changing policy
– that it would increase the numbers abusing drugs – is baseless. E.
And as part of holistic policy that has to tackle well-being more
widely, decriminalising individual drug use would be a good start .
(a) ECDBA (b) ADCEB (c) AECDB (d) CDBAE"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:56:56 GMT"21. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The species, which are most
numerous in individuals, will have the best chance of producing
variations within any given period. B. Hence any rare species will be
less quickly modified or improved within any given period, and they
will be consequently beaten in the race for life by the modified
descendants of the commoner species. C. From these considerations I
think it inevitably follows, that as new species in the course of time
are formed others will become rare and finally extinct. D. We have
evidence of this in the fact that it is the more common species that
afford the greatest number of varieties, or incipient species. E.
Extinction or survival, therefore, is a function of a parameter that
is totally beyond the control of the species. (a) ABCDE (b) ADBCE (c)
BCAED (d) EDABC"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:57:03 GMT"30. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The good news is that a major
deficiency in rainfall, as had happened last year, is an extremely
remote possibility. B. Two crucial indicators, the El Nino, caused by
difference in sea surface temperatures in the Indian Ocean, and the
Indian Ocean Dipole, are both moving in a direction that is positive
for a good monsoon. C. The first long-range forecast for the rainfall
during the four-month period of July- September indicates rain around
the end of this month. D. It is still very early days for a monsoon
forecast for this season but at least the available signs as of now
are all pointing in the right direction. E. Even the persistent &
sustained heat is the past few days over most of central and Northern
India is likely to help in good rainfall. (a) ADBCE (b) DABCE (c)
BCDEA (d) DCBEA"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:00:39 GMTposted all questions on public group
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:10 GMTDone?
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:26 GMT?
neelam - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:26 GMT5 min
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:31 GMTwokay
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:35 GMTlocking again
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:09 GMT"58. (d) The crucial link to solve
this parajumble is the pair (BA). Statement B is clearly the opening
sentence as it introduces both the person (Welles) as well as the
place (Hollywood). That leaves us with options (a) and (d). Statement
A should come after statement B as it begins the narrative "From the
moment he arrived there". Therefore, BAECD is the correct order."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:20 GMT"59. (b) Statements (C-E) and
(A-B) form mandatory pairs. Statements C and E describe the author's
opinion on the use of colour. Statements A and B talk about Al
Hirschfeld and his artwork. Statement D should come after statements
(A-B) as it gives an example of the 'spare' artwork mentioned in B."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:27 GMT60. (c) Statements (A-E) outline
the objective – tackling demand for drugs. Statements C, D and B
describe the example of Portugal where drug use has been
decriminalized.
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:36 GMT21. (b) The entire paragraph talks
about how extinction occurs. Statements A, D and B all discuss how the
commoner species quickly overpower the more rare ones. Statements E
and C are conclusions based on these statements. Mandatory pairs would
be (A-D) and (B-C).
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:44 GMT"30. (b) The paragraph follows the
pattern of assertions, which are then followed by data to support
them. D is clearly the opening statement. A should follow as it again
adds to the idea. Although 'it is still early to forecast' in D
followed by 'The good news is that a major deficiency is unlikely' in
A. Statements B, C and E follow in that order as they demonstrate why
these assertions were made."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:12:52 GMTok
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:12:57 GMTdoubts queries?
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:13:41 GMT?
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:17:25 GMT"51. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The recent communal violence in
Hyderabad and in Bareilly a month ago has remained on the sidelines of
national attention. B. In both cities, the present round of violence
was preceded by mobilisations and speeches, primarily by Hindu
fundamentalist groups. C. Fortunately, there was no death in the
violence in Bareilly, while in Hyderabad only three people were
killed. D. Yet, the scale, planning and causes behind the riots
indicate a certain change in the morphology of the typical riot, a
change which needs to be identified and understood if we want to keep
religious sectarianism and violence in check. E. Communal violence has
become so endemic to the polity of India that it has ceased to attract
much attention outside its immediate area of impact, or unless it
crosses very high levels of fatality and barbarity. (a) EACDB (b)
ABEDC (c) EABCD (d) ABCDE"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:18:17 GMT"52. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. That too was historic. B. The
word that immediately rolled off of every tongue after the
presidential election was "historic"; and rightly so. C. It would have
been unimaginable forty years ago. D. The fact that the country has
become civilized enough to accept this outcome is a considerable
tribute to the activism of the 1960s and its aftermath. E. The two
candidates in the Democratic primary were a woman and an
African-American. (a) BCDAE (b) BCDEA (c) BEDAC (d) BEACD"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:18:54 GMT"53. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The revolution began as an
attack on despotism. B. Already by 1762 Rousseau was implying in his
"Social Contract" that there was no meaningful difference between the
authority of a despot and that of a monarch C. As usual, regular usage
soon diluted the original rigor of the expression's meaning. D.
Montesquieu has defined its spirit as "The rule of one, according to
no law". E. Obeying no law, authority was arbitrary and its animating
spirit was fear. (a) ABDCE (b) AEDCB (c) ADECB (d) ADEBC"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:19:05 GMT"54. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. Some think the limits of body
i.e. surface; line, point, and unit are substances more so than body
or the solid. B. Substance is thought to belong most obviously to
bodies. C. But whether these alone are substances, or there are also
others, or only some of these, or others as well, or none of these but
only some other things, are substances, must be considered. D. Even
things that are either parts of these or composed of these, eg. the
physical universe and its parts, stars, moon and sun are considered
substances. E. So we say that not only animals and plants and their
parts are substances, but also natural bodies such as fire and water
and earth and everything of the sort. (a) BADCE (b) ABEDC (c) BEADC
(d) BEDCA"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:19:42 GMT"55. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. As it expanded, it would have
borrowed energy from the gravitational field, to create matter. B. The
universe expanded and borrowed at an ever-increasing rate. C.
Fortunately, the debt of gravitational energy will not have to be
repaid until the end of the universe. D. According to the no boundary
proposal, the universe would have expanded in a smooth way from a
single point. E. As any economist could have predicted, the result of
all that borrowing, was inflation. (a) DAEBC (b)DABCE (c) CDAEB (d)
CDABE"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:19:53 GMTpls solve
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:20:07 GMTam off to listen to Dil Chahta Hai
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:22 GMT"51. (a) The essential clue to
solving this lies in the pair of D-B. Statement D starts with 'yet'.
It brings out the contrast that although the casualties in these riots
were few 'planning and causes behind the riots indicate a certain
change' B then goes into the causes and planning 'the present round of
violence was preceded by mobilisations and speeches'. No other option
has this combination"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:29 GMT52. (d) Statement B is the
starting sentence and it talks about the presidential election being
'historic'. Sentence A also talks about something else being historic.
Clearly here the precedent for the statement A has to be E (the fact
that out of the two democratic candidates one was a woman and one an
African American). CD has to come after this as it describes the
possible causes of this outcome.
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:36 GMT"53. (c) The paragraph begins with
statement A. Statements D and E discuss the definition and hence have
to come together. Similarly, B describes the idea which begins in C.
The 'dilution' in C is followed by B which gives an example of this
dilution. 'Already by 1762……… there was no meaningful difference
between the authority of a despot and that of a monarch'"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:41 GMT"54. (d) The paragraph has B-E as
the mandatory pair. B introduces the term "bodies" E discusses in
detail all things that can be classified as bodies. C must come before
A as it changes the track of the paragraph in the direction of A,
which discuses the idea of "limits of body". Only option (d) has both
B-E as a mandatory pair and C-A in proper alignment."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:47 GMT55. (a) The crucial link here is
A-E. The 'all that borrowing' in E is a reference to A . Statement C
brings in a new pointthe fact that the debt of gravitational energy
will not have to be repaid. This has to come after the 'debt' has been
established. If we combine these two, the only possible choice is
option (a).
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:02 GMTand now off to listen to Lagaan !
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:10 GMTMajor nostalga trip
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:19 GMTfirst year of job
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:29 GMTspen exploring delhi
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:32 GMTspent
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:37:58 GMTany doubts pls tag me on the
Public group questin
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:40:58 GMTThats al for today
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:41:08 GMTVARC folks will see you on the FB chat
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:41:14 GMTat 9:30 am
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:38:08 GMTGood Morning Folks
neelam - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:39:38 GMTGM
shobhit - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:41:55 GMTGood morning sir
Sunil - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:21 GMTGood morning sir
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:29 GMTDONT COMMENT HERE
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:36 GMTcOMENT ON THE PUBLIC GROUP
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:39 GMToops
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:42 GMTorry for the caps
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:42:45 GMT"57. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. Teams focus on controlling
pain, nausea and other side effects; they also address patients'
worries and make sure they have help with making meals, dressing and
bathing when not hospitalized. B. Palliative care typically begins
with a long conversation about what the patient with a terminal
diagnosis wants out of his remaining life. C. Hospice care is
intensive palliative care including home nursing, but insurers usually
cover it only if the patient abandons medical treatment. D. It
includes the options any oncologist addresses: surgery, chemotherapy
and radiation and their side effects. E. But it also includes how much
suffering a patient wishes to bear, effects on the family, and legal,
insurance and religious issues. (a) BDEAC (b) CDEAB (c) BCDEA (d)
ADEBC"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:20 GMT:(
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:28 GMTNot a single correct answer yet
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:42 GMTunless my content developer messed
up the OAs
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:44 GMTemme read
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:49:48 GMTlemme
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:54:18 GMT"57. (a) Statement B begins the
discussion on palliative care. Statements D and E take the idea
further by describing what it includes. We can therefore narrow down
options to (a) and (c). They differ only with regard to the placement
of statement C. Statement C describes 'Hospice care', or intensive
palliative care which might include completely abandoning medical
treatment. Therefore, it cannot be put together with statements D,E
and A as they clearly include medical care."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:54:29 GMTagree ?
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:54:39 GMTyou can comment here if any query
Rahul Shukla - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:55:37 GMTC
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:56:36 GMT"58. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. From the moment he arrived
there its citizens resented him and his Martians and his youth and his
talent. B. Hollywood claimed Welles never would make the grade. C. At
announcements that his first two productions had been called off, the
town nodded knowingly. D. He was just a big bag of publicity. E. When
he grew a beard for his first film, a sporty press agent sent him a
bearded ham for Christmas; columnists dubbed him with nicknames like
"Little Orson Annie." (a) BDAEC (b) CBEAD (c) EABDC (d) BAECD"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:56:45 GMT"59. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. That's something Al Hirschfeld
did so beautifully, especially as his artwork changed during different
phases. B. The more spare it was, I found, the more moved I was. C. I
fight when people ask me to put color in a picture. D. A line with a
hand at the end of it can give you just enough to envision an arm. E.
I love color, but I'm more intrigued by the relationship between black
and white and space. (a) CEDBA (b) CEABD (c) ABCDE (d) DCEBA"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:56:51 GMT"60. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The best way to undermine the
traffickers is to tackle demand for their product. B. There has been
no significant increase in drug use, while take-up of treatments has
increased and health has improved. C. Portugal, where drug use was
decriminalised nearly 10 years ago, is showing the way. D. Its
evidence suggests the most persuasive argument against changing policy
– that it would increase the numbers abusing drugs – is baseless. E.
And as part of holistic policy that has to tackle well-being more
widely, decriminalising individual drug use would be a good start .
(a) ECDBA (b) ADCEB (c) AECDB (d) CDBAE"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:56:56 GMT"21. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The species, which are most
numerous in individuals, will have the best chance of producing
variations within any given period. B. Hence any rare species will be
less quickly modified or improved within any given period, and they
will be consequently beaten in the race for life by the modified
descendants of the commoner species. C. From these considerations I
think it inevitably follows, that as new species in the course of time
are formed others will become rare and finally extinct. D. We have
evidence of this in the fact that it is the more common species that
afford the greatest number of varieties, or incipient species. E.
Extinction or survival, therefore, is a function of a parameter that
is totally beyond the control of the species. (a) ABCDE (b) ADBCE (c)
BCAED (d) EDABC"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 02:57:03 GMT"30. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The good news is that a major
deficiency in rainfall, as had happened last year, is an extremely
remote possibility. B. Two crucial indicators, the El Nino, caused by
difference in sea surface temperatures in the Indian Ocean, and the
Indian Ocean Dipole, are both moving in a direction that is positive
for a good monsoon. C. The first long-range forecast for the rainfall
during the four-month period of July- September indicates rain around
the end of this month. D. It is still very early days for a monsoon
forecast for this season but at least the available signs as of now
are all pointing in the right direction. E. Even the persistent &
sustained heat is the past few days over most of central and Northern
India is likely to help in good rainfall. (a) ADBCE (b) DABCE (c)
BCDEA (d) DCBEA"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:00:39 GMTposted all questions on public group
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:10 GMTDone?
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:26 GMT?
neelam - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:26 GMT5 min
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:31 GMTwokay
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:05:35 GMTlocking again
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:09 GMT"58. (d) The crucial link to solve
this parajumble is the pair (BA). Statement B is clearly the opening
sentence as it introduces both the person (Welles) as well as the
place (Hollywood). That leaves us with options (a) and (d). Statement
A should come after statement B as it begins the narrative "From the
moment he arrived there". Therefore, BAECD is the correct order."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:20 GMT"59. (b) Statements (C-E) and
(A-B) form mandatory pairs. Statements C and E describe the author's
opinion on the use of colour. Statements A and B talk about Al
Hirschfeld and his artwork. Statement D should come after statements
(A-B) as it gives an example of the 'spare' artwork mentioned in B."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:27 GMT60. (c) Statements (A-E) outline
the objective – tackling demand for drugs. Statements C, D and B
describe the example of Portugal where drug use has been
decriminalized.
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:36 GMT21. (b) The entire paragraph talks
about how extinction occurs. Statements A, D and B all discuss how the
commoner species quickly overpower the more rare ones. Statements E
and C are conclusions based on these statements. Mandatory pairs would
be (A-D) and (B-C).
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:09:44 GMT"30. (b) The paragraph follows the
pattern of assertions, which are then followed by data to support
them. D is clearly the opening statement. A should follow as it again
adds to the idea. Although 'it is still early to forecast' in D
followed by 'The good news is that a major deficiency is unlikely' in
A. Statements B, C and E follow in that order as they demonstrate why
these assertions were made."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:12:52 GMTok
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:12:57 GMTdoubts queries?
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:13:41 GMT?
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:17:25 GMT"51. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The recent communal violence in
Hyderabad and in Bareilly a month ago has remained on the sidelines of
national attention. B. In both cities, the present round of violence
was preceded by mobilisations and speeches, primarily by Hindu
fundamentalist groups. C. Fortunately, there was no death in the
violence in Bareilly, while in Hyderabad only three people were
killed. D. Yet, the scale, planning and causes behind the riots
indicate a certain change in the morphology of the typical riot, a
change which needs to be identified and understood if we want to keep
religious sectarianism and violence in check. E. Communal violence has
become so endemic to the polity of India that it has ceased to attract
much attention outside its immediate area of impact, or unless it
crosses very high levels of fatality and barbarity. (a) EACDB (b)
ABEDC (c) EABCD (d) ABCDE"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:18:17 GMT"52. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. That too was historic. B. The
word that immediately rolled off of every tongue after the
presidential election was "historic"; and rightly so. C. It would have
been unimaginable forty years ago. D. The fact that the country has
become civilized enough to accept this outcome is a considerable
tribute to the activism of the 1960s and its aftermath. E. The two
candidates in the Democratic primary were a woman and an
African-American. (a) BCDAE (b) BCDEA (c) BEDAC (d) BEACD"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:18:54 GMT"53. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. The revolution began as an
attack on despotism. B. Already by 1762 Rousseau was implying in his
"Social Contract" that there was no meaningful difference between the
authority of a despot and that of a monarch C. As usual, regular usage
soon diluted the original rigor of the expression's meaning. D.
Montesquieu has defined its spirit as "The rule of one, according to
no law". E. Obeying no law, authority was arbitrary and its animating
spirit was fear. (a) ABDCE (b) AEDCB (c) ADECB (d) ADEBC"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:19:05 GMT"54. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. Some think the limits of body
i.e. surface; line, point, and unit are substances more so than body
or the solid. B. Substance is thought to belong most obviously to
bodies. C. But whether these alone are substances, or there are also
others, or only some of these, or others as well, or none of these but
only some other things, are substances, must be considered. D. Even
things that are either parts of these or composed of these, eg. the
physical universe and its parts, stars, moon and sun are considered
substances. E. So we say that not only animals and plants and their
parts are substances, but also natural bodies such as fire and water
and earth and everything of the sort. (a) BADCE (b) ABEDC (c) BEADC
(d) BEDCA"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:19:42 GMT"55. Five sentences are given
below, labeled A, B, C, D and E. They need to be arranged in a logical
order to form a coherent paragraph/passage. From the given options,
choose the most appropriate option. A. As it expanded, it would have
borrowed energy from the gravitational field, to create matter. B. The
universe expanded and borrowed at an ever-increasing rate. C.
Fortunately, the debt of gravitational energy will not have to be
repaid until the end of the universe. D. According to the no boundary
proposal, the universe would have expanded in a smooth way from a
single point. E. As any economist could have predicted, the result of
all that borrowing, was inflation. (a) DAEBC (b)DABCE (c) CDAEB (d)
CDABE"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:19:53 GMTpls solve
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:20:07 GMTam off to listen to Dil Chahta Hai
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:22 GMT"51. (a) The essential clue to
solving this lies in the pair of D-B. Statement D starts with 'yet'.
It brings out the contrast that although the casualties in these riots
were few 'planning and causes behind the riots indicate a certain
change' B then goes into the causes and planning 'the present round of
violence was preceded by mobilisations and speeches'. No other option
has this combination"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:29 GMT52. (d) Statement B is the
starting sentence and it talks about the presidential election being
'historic'. Sentence A also talks about something else being historic.
Clearly here the precedent for the statement A has to be E (the fact
that out of the two democratic candidates one was a woman and one an
African American). CD has to come after this as it describes the
possible causes of this outcome.
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:36 GMT"53. (c) The paragraph begins with
statement A. Statements D and E discuss the definition and hence have
to come together. Similarly, B describes the idea which begins in C.
The 'dilution' in C is followed by B which gives an example of this
dilution. 'Already by 1762……… there was no meaningful difference
between the authority of a despot and that of a monarch'"
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:41 GMT"54. (d) The paragraph has B-E as
the mandatory pair. B introduces the term "bodies" E discusses in
detail all things that can be classified as bodies. C must come before
A as it changes the track of the paragraph in the direction of A,
which discuses the idea of "limits of body". Only option (d) has both
B-E as a mandatory pair and C-A in proper alignment."
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:34:47 GMT55. (a) The crucial link here is
A-E. The 'all that borrowing' in E is a reference to A . Statement C
brings in a new pointthe fact that the debt of gravitational energy
will not have to be repaid. This has to come after the 'debt' has been
established. If we combine these two, the only possible choice is
option (a).
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:02 GMTand now off to listen to Lagaan !
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:10 GMTMajor nostalga trip
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:19 GMTfirst year of job
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:29 GMTspen exploring delhi
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:35:32 GMTspent
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:37:58 GMTany doubts pls tag me on the
Public group questin
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:40:58 GMTThats al for today
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:41:08 GMTVARC folks will see you on the FB chat
VARC - Tue, 31 May 2016 03:41:14 GMTat 9:30 am
RC 1
In the 'God Delusion' Richard Dawkins talks about our inherent psychological tendency towards logical fallacies. He references cargo cults, tribes that formed superstitious beliefs around the>arrival of US soldiers upon their islands. They believed that communicating on the radio, and marching in unison were all rituals that brought precious gifts from the heavens in the form of supplies>that came in by airplane to the island. They saw what to them looked like strange ceremonial dancing when the soldiers were marching, and their logic was that this was a ritual to be performed to>please the gods who then bought goods beyond their wildest dreams. They saw that A came before B, and made the logical fallacy that A caused B. Genus Homo have possessed logical reasoning skills for>millennia, however we have not always possessed the knowledge upon which to base them. Logic works when based in knowledge, and this is an evolutionary advantage. When our ancestors saw the prints of>an animal in the sand, they had the capacity of understanding that an animal had been there - and this was reasoning based upon knowledge, we knew what kind of prints a certain animal would make, and>we could deduce from seeing the print which direction the animal was going in . This was useful in both hunting and avoiding predators. As our knowledge increased we realized what causes disease, and>what can be done to prevent it, we know how to engineer our way out of famine with our knowledge of crops and fertilizers. The failed logic of old has been abandoned. Logic is a powerful tool when>combined with knowledge, but without it, it can misfire and lead one to believe things that are unreasonable, and often harmful. The fact that superstition is so prevalent in our species would seem to>suggest that it is of evolutionary origin, and this is something that Dawkins discusses in the God Delusion. He argues that we have an intuitive dualism - which is the propensity to believe that there>is a separation between the mind and body. Stating that dualists have a tendency to "personify inanimate physical objects at the slightest opportunity, seeing spirits and demons even in waterfalls>and clouds." He talks about how we assign agents where there are none, getting angry at traffic lights as though they are personally out to get you, for example. Knowledge and reason are the best>tools we have for advancing our species both morally and scientifically. Superstition causes many people to act in ways that a person possessing the facts simply could not. People who believe crystals>have magic properties, people who believe that certain diets can cure cancer, people who believe that homosexuality is an abomination, people who believe in ridiculous conspiracy theories... The list>goes on. None of these beliefs are based in knowledge, and the logic behind them is flawed. It's time to move on, we don't need to appease gods in order to ensure we won't get smallpox; we>conquered it with the practical application of knowledge and reason.
35. The author gives the example of the Cargo Cults to highlight which of the following?
(a) Understanding the wider picture does not necessarily lead to knowledge.
(b) What we see may sometimes not be what we are meant to see.
(c) Understanding without knowledge leads to logic becoming a fallacy.
(d) All of the above
36. The main idea of the passage is to
(a) explain the reason behind superstition and to denounce it.
(b) welcome the realization that failed logic is not good.
(c) highlight that logic is powerful when combined with knowledge.
(d) explain how dualism sometimes misleads us in absence of logic.
37. Which of the following behaviors is the author not likely to label superstitious?
(a) A cricketer blaming the number on his jersey for missing out on a century.
(b) A student blaming his/her leaking pen for failure in exams.
(c) A doctor certifying to the healing touch of prayers.
(d) None of the above
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