05.04.16

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DIRECTIONS for Questions 41 to 43: For the word given at the top of each table, match the dictionary

definition on the left (1, 2, 3, 4) with their corresponding usage on the right (A, B, C, D). Out of the four

possibilities given in the boxes below the table, select the one that has all the definitions and their usages

closely matched.

(1) 1–D, 2–C, 3–B, 4–A (2) 1–A, 2–C, 3–B, 4–D

(3) 1–D, 2–B, 3–C, 4–A (3) 1–A, 2–B, 3–C, 4–D

(1) 1–C, 2–A, 3–B, 4–A (2) 1–B, 2–C, 3–D, 4–A

(3) 1–A, 2–B, 3–D, 4–C (4) 1–A, 2–C, 3–D, 4–B

(1) 1–D, 2–A, 3–B, 4–C (2) 1–D, 2–B, 3–A, 4–C

(3) 1–C, 2–B, 3–A, 4–D (4) 1–C, 2–A, 3–B, 4–D

DIRECTIONS for Questions 44 to 46: The questions present a sentence, where a part of it is underlined.

Beneath the sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the

original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose

one of the others. This question tests correctness and effectiveness of expression. In choosing your answer,

follow the requirements of standard written English; that is, pay attention to grammar, choice of words, and

sentence construction. Choose the answer that produces the most effective sentence; this answer should be

clear and exact, without awkwardness, ambiguity, redundancy, or grammatical error.

44. Scripted in Detroit in the autumn of 2001, the {{{{{writer of the Novel "The Three Lost Lands" was a

physically handicapped person, who later on went to win the Booker prize}}}}}}} for raising awareness about

tribes in Africa.

(1) the writer of the Novel "The Three Lost Lands" was a physically handicapped person, who later on

went to win the Booker prize

(2) the Booker Prize was won by a physically handicapped person, the writer of the Novel "The Three

Lost Lands"

(3) the Novel "The Three Lost Lands", written by a physically handicapped person, won the Booker

prize

(4) the writer of the Novel "The Three Lost Lands" though a physically handicapped person, later on

went to win the Booker prize

45. Just as listening to Mozart helps one comprehend the importance accorded to harmony in the 1840's, a

period bubbling with melodic musicians, {{{{{{{{{{{{{{Caldo's poetry helps one to understand the 1760's, a decade

which was dominated by the free verse.}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}

(1) Caldo's poetry helps one to understand the 1760's, a decade which was dominated by the free

verse.

(2) reading Caldo's poetry helps one to understand the 1760's, a decade which was dominated by the

free verse.

(3) so reading Caldo's poetry helps one to understand the 1760's, a decade which was dominated by

the free verse.

(4) reading Caldo's poetry helps one to understand the decade which was dominated by the free

verse-the 1760's.

46. By the time Nicholas Palaniomkaravedapillai takes oath in Cincinati next year, {{{{he would complete

fourteen years in the political arena and will be surpassing even his rival Paul Underwood, who will

complete thirteen years in this field.}}}}

(1) he would complete fourteen years in the political arena and will be surpassing even his rival Paul

Underwood, who will complete thirteen years in this field.

(2) he will complete fourteen years in the political arena and will be surpassing even his rival Paul

Underwood, who will complete thirteen years in this field.

(3) he would have completed fourteen years in the political arena and will be surpassing even his rival

Paul Underwood, who will complete thirteen years in this field.

(4) he will have completed fourteen years in the political arena and will have surpassed even his rival

Paul Underwood, who will have completed thirteen years in this field.

DIRECTIONS for Questions 47 to 49: Arrange the sentences A, B, C and D to form a logical sequence

between sentences 1 and 6.

47. 1. Earth's lunar satellite, the moon, is an alien and remote though still compelling landscape known to

us all.

A. The beauty of such a moment is hard to explain; it's as if beauty were not actually in the thing itself

but lay instead with the viewer's capacity to appreciate that object.

B. But unearthly beautiful all the same.

C. On a clear night, with a pair of ten-power binoculars, the craters and highlands, the depressions and

seas, appear so vividly etched, the pattern of their shadow and light so captivating, that the geography

can induce a sensation of joy.

D. We imagine it from our front lawns and our apartment windows as a place of absence. No wind, nor

any blade of grass for a breeze to stir, no people, no cascading brook or animal track.

6. When a portion of the moon resolves itself sharply through the binoculars' prisms, when it comes

alive to a viewer's eyes, he or she can experience a kind of euphoria, which the moon alone cannot

explain.

(1) DBAC (2) CADB (3) DBCA (4) DCBA

48. 1. The earliest schools of Sanskritists in Europe entered into the study of Sanskrit with more imagination

than critical ability.

A. Then, in those days even, such vagaries as the estimation of Shakuntala as forming the high watermark

of Indian philosophy were not altogether unknown!

B. They knew a little, expected much from that little, and often tried to make too much of what little

they knew.

C. While criticizing the unsound imaginativeness of the early school to whom everything in Indian

literature was rose and musk, these, in their turn, went into speculations, which were equally highly

unsound and indeed very venturesome.

D. These were naturally followed by a reactionary band of superficial critics who knew little or nothing

of Sanskrit, expected nothing from Sanskrit studies, and ridiculed everything from the East.

6. And their boldness was very naturally helped by the fact that these over-hasty and unsympathetic

scholars and critics were addressing an audience whose entire qualification for pronouncing any

judgment in the matter was their absolute ignorance of Sanskrit.

(1) BCDA (2) DBAC (3) BADC (4) BDAC

49. 1. FitzGerald was a rich dilettante, whose Anglo-Irish mother's fortune from Irish rents was so large

that her husband had changed his name to hers.

A. Though FitzGerald did not join in the imperial venture – and indeed hardly left England – his

translations from Persian and other languages depended on the web of contacts the empire established,

and thrived on the knowledge gained from its commercial and political ambitions.

B. As Edward Said pointed out, such interests directed scholarship, however detached the scholars

themselves from the profits of imperialism.

C. Archaeologists, linguists, scientists and geographers moved along with the armies of soldiers and

civil servants as the British and the French entrenched their rule in the Middle East.

D. FitzGerald, who temperamentally shrank from power and the powerful, played no direct part in this,

and often expressed his unease at British ambitions abroad.

6. But when, in 1856, he was first shown Omar Khayyám's poetry and began working on his Persian

in order to translate it, he responded so intensely to its themes because they invoked a dream worlda

place very far from England.

(1) ABCD (2) ADCB (3) CDBA (4) ABDC

DIRECTIONS for Questions 50 to 53: The passage given below is followed by a set of questions. Choose

the most appropriate answer to each question.

Four-thousand years ago, an urban civilization lived and traded on what is now the border between Pakistan

and India. During the past century, thousands of artifacts bearing hieroglyphics left by this prehistoric people

have been discovered. Today, a team of Indian and American researchers are using mathematics and computer

science to try to piece together information about the still-unknown script.

The team led by a University of Washington researcher has used computers to extract patterns in ancient

Indus symbols. The study, shows distinct patterns in the symbols' placement in sequences and creates a

statistical model for the unknown language.

"The statistical model provides insights into the underlying grammatical structure of the Indus script," said

lead author Rajesh Rao, a UW associate professor of computer science. "Such a model can be valuable for

decipherment, because any meaning ascribed to a symbol must make sense in the context of other symbols

that precede or follow it."

Despite dozens of attempts, nobody has yet deciphered the Indus script. The symbols are found on tiny seals,

tablets and amulets, left by people inhabiting the Indus Valley from about 2600 to 1900 B.C. Each artifact is

inscribed with a sequence that is typically five to six symbols long.

Some people have questioned whether the symbols represent a language at all, or are merely pictograms of

political or religious icons.

The new study looks for mathematical patterns in the sequence of symbols. Calculations show that the order

of symbols is meaningful; taking one symbol from a sequence found on an artifact and changing its position

produces a new sequence that has a much lower probability of belonging to the hypothetical language. The

authors said the presence of such distinct rules for sequencing symbols provides further support for the

group's previous findings, reported earlier this year in the journal Science, that the unknown script might

represent a language."These results give us confidence that there is a clear underlying logic in Indus writing,"

Vahia said.

Seals with sequences of Indus symbols have been found as far away as West Asia, in the region historically

known as Mesopotamia and site of modern-day Iraq. The statistical results showed that the West-Asian sequences

are ordered differently from sequences on artifacts found in the Indus valley. This supports earlier theories

that the script may have been used by Indus traders in West Asia to represent different information compared

to the Indus region

"The finding that the Indus script may have been versatile enough to represent different subject matter in West

Asia is provocative. This finding is hard to reconcile with the claim that the script merely represents religious

or political symbols," Rao said.

The researchers used a Markov model, a statistical method that estimates the likelihood of a future event

based on patterns seen in the past. The method was first developed by Russian mathematician Andrey Markov

a century ago and is increasingly used in economics, genetics, speech-recognition and other fields.

50. According to the passage, which of the following strongly supports the claim that the Indus script is a

language?

(1) The presence of distinct rules in the Indus symbols on the seals and amulets left by people after

1900 B.C.

(2) Presence of symbols on the seals found in Mesopotamia.

(3) Order of the sequences on the artifacts found in West Asia was different as compared to those in the

Indus Valley.

(4) Changing the position of a symbol on a sequence makes the new sequence more meaningful.

51. The passage is most likely an extract from

(1) A research paper on science

(2) A research paper on Paleontology

(3) A research paper on Anthropology.

(4) An article in a magazine.

52. A suitable title to the passage would be

(1) The Indus valley script.

(2) Statistics and the Indus valley language.

(3) Unravelling language through Mathematical models.

(4) Technology attempts to crack an ancient script.

53. The researchers' claim is based on all of the following assumptions except?

(1) Language has to have a structure.

(2) There is a clear underlying logic in the Indus writings.

(3) The Markov model is reasonably accurate in identifying patterns in sequences of symbols.

(4) Evidence of rules in creating the sequences is an indicator that the sequences are part of a language

script.

DIRECTIONS for Questions 54 to 57: The passage given below is followed by a set of questions. Choose

the most appropriate answer to each question.

Dr. Jacques Benveniste discovered certain scientific properties of water which he asserted, may defy explanation

by the tenets of mainstream physics. His science, which he calls Digital Biology, is based upon two observations

that he claims to prove in experiments: First, if a substance is diluted in water, the water can carry the memory

of that substance even after it has been so diluted that none of the molecules of the original substance remain.

And second, the molecules of any given substance have a spectrum of frequencies that can be digitally

recorded with a computer, then played back into untreated water (using an electronic transducer), and when

this is done, the new water will act as if the actual substance were physically present. When asked what made

Dr. Jacques curious enough to start his research he said, " There was a technician in my lab who accidentally

diluted more than she thought, and realized that for the amount of molecules that were left there shouldn't be

any indication of the original substance. But there was. We kept diluting, and the action kept coming back. So

we knew we had a new phenomenon." The research may have a major impact on the credibility of homeopathy,

because it is a form of alternative medicine that relies on remedies made by diluting the key curative ingredient

over and over again until that ingredient has disappeared. Benveniste started a spin-off company called

DigiBio. However, the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency tested DigiBio's claim and came to

the following conclusion: "Our team found no replicable effects from digital signals."

Advancements in scientific techniques have enabled researchers to critically examine and scrutinize

nonconventional therapies to either validate or reject them for routine clinical practice. Homeopaths usually

claim to achieve curative effects by using homeopathic substances ranging in concentration from mother

tinctures in crude forms to infinitesimal dilutions with a probability of almost zero active ingredients in them.

Because homeopaths use a double-distilled water, it is highly purified, enabling the medicinal substance to

solely infiltrate the water. Dr. Hering, founder of American Homeopathy, devised the decimal dilution method,

which, like the earlier dilution methods, lacked any fundamental metric such as Avogadro's number. A

literature search revealed that the drug dilution and standardization issues were never settled in homeopathy.

The issues of miracle cures with different dilutions become questionable when such claims are examined in

the absence of any placebo or control studies. This issue becomes more important in the light of new emerging

nanotechnology. Homeopaths use extremely small doses of medicinal substances that are highly individualized

to a person's physical and psychological syndrome of disease, not simply an assumed localized pathology.

However, homeopathic drug standardization based on scientific metrics is needed for research and

reproducibility for routine clinical practice.

54. The author of the passage is likely to agree with which of the following ?

(1) It is for sure, inaccurate to say that homeopathic medicines are just extremely diluted; they are

extremely "potentized."

(2) The substantiation of the homeopathic system has been controversial since there is no standard drug

dilution strength that can be subjected to clinical tests.

(3) Many homeopaths are instilled by Benveniste's idea of digital homeopathy and they are willing to

sell such remedies over the internet.

(4) Benveniste's research was cogent but he was ignored by a blinkered scientific establishment.

55. A suitable title to the passage would be:

(1) Could water really have a memory?

(2) Digital Biology and the Memory Effect of Water.

(3) Homeopathy: The Alternative medicine awaits its Attestation.

(4) Homeopathic Drug Standardization.

56. Which of the following best describes Dr. Jacques' discovery of Digital Biology?

(1) A treasure-trove of tall-tales.

(2) A Desultory thought

(3) A Serendipity

(4) A Fluke

57. The author's approach and style of writing in this passage suggests that the passage is:

(1) A medical discourse

(2) A reprobative disquisition

(3) A medical admonition

(4) An interpretive dissertation

58. It can be inferred from the passage that

(1) Economists did not believe that the general equilibrium competitive model was a good description

of markets.

(2) The prejudices on which the old economics was based were overcome by the growth theory.

(3) The main prejudice on which the old economics was based was on the validity of the general

equilibrium competitive model.

(4) None of the above.

59. The primary purpose of the passage is?

(1) Illustrating how the growth theory has negated the archaic models and tenets of the 'old economics'.

(2) To show that the growth theory has resulted in confusion as regards economics principles and

economics matters.

(3) To describe the initial phase where growth theory started creating change and impact on the economics

field and 'the old economics' with models which were not entirely convincing.

(4) To show how growth theory brought about a progressive change in the economics field from the

'old economics' ways and created the base for modern economics.

60. All of the following are logical inferences from the passage except?

(1) Solow introduced a model in which new technologies could be introduced only with new capital.

(2) Solow's models convincingly described the effect of variable quality goods on markets.

(3) Solow had talked about a methodology to explain that part of growth that could not be accounted

for by increase in capital or increase in the labour force.

(4) The growth theory found it difficult to shake off the tenets of 'the old economics' though it adopted

a different approach to mathematics in its models