Students from outside the province of Markland, who in any given academic year pay twice as much tuition each as do students from Markland, had traditionally accounted for at least two-thirds of the enrollment at Central Markland College. Over the past 10 years academic standards at the college have risen and the proportion of students who are not Marklanders has dropped to around 40 percent.
Which one of the following can be properly inferred from the statements above?
(A) If it had not been for the high tuition paid by students from outside Markland, the college could not have improved its academic standards over the past 10 years.
(B) If academic standards had not risen over the past 10 years, students who are not Marklanders would still account for at least two-thirds of the college's enrollment.
(C) Over the past 10 year the number of students from Markland increased and the number of students from outside Markland decreased.
(D) Over the past 10 years academic standards at Central Markland College have risen by more than academic standards at any other college in Markland.
(E) If the college's per capita revenue from tuition has remained the same, tuition fees have increased over the past 10 years.
Which one of the following can be properly inferred from the statements above?
(A) If it had not been for the high tuition paid by students from outside Markland, the college could not have improved its academic standards over the past 10 years.
(B) If academic standards had not risen over the past 10 years, students who are not Marklanders would still account for at least two-thirds of the college's enrollment.
(C) Over the past 10 year the number of students from Markland increased and the number of students from outside Markland decreased.
(D) Over the past 10 years academic standards at Central Markland College have risen by more than academic standards at any other college in Markland.
(E) If the college's per capita revenue from tuition has remained the same, tuition fees have increased over the past 10 years.
2
Traces of cultivated emmer wheat have been found among the earliest agricultural remains of many archaeological sites in Europe and Asia. The only place where the wild form of emmer wheat has been found growing is a relatively narrow strip of southwest Asia. Since the oldest remains of cultivated emmer wheat yet found are from village sites in the same narrow strip, it is clear that emmer wheat was first domesticated somewhere in that strip. Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
A. The present-day distribution of another wild wheat, einkorn, which was also domesticated early in the development of agriculture, covers a much larger area of southwest Asia.
B. Modern experiments show that wild emmer wheat can easily be domesticated so as to yield nearly as well as traditionally domestic strains.
C. At the time when emmer wheat was first cultivated, it was the most nutritious of all the varieties of grain that were then cultivated.
D. In the region containing the strip where wild emmer wheat has been found, climatic conditions have changed very little since before the development of agriculture.
E. It is very difficult, without genetic testing, to differentiate the wild form of emmer wheat from a closely related wild wheat that also grows in southwest Asia.
A. The present-day distribution of another wild wheat, einkorn, which was also domesticated early in the development of agriculture, covers a much larger area of southwest Asia.
B. Modern experiments show that wild emmer wheat can easily be domesticated so as to yield nearly as well as traditionally domestic strains.
C. At the time when emmer wheat was first cultivated, it was the most nutritious of all the varieties of grain that were then cultivated.
D. In the region containing the strip where wild emmer wheat has been found, climatic conditions have changed very little since before the development of agriculture.
E. It is very difficult, without genetic testing, to differentiate the wild form of emmer wheat from a closely related wild wheat that also grows in southwest Asia.
3
The Hubble telescope has the great advantage over land-based telescopes of taking images from outside of the planet's atmosphere, which greatly blurs images. Nevertheless, the Hubble has two major disadvantages relative to land-based telescopes: it is difficult to repair, and to maneuver it requires the use of fuel, which will ultimately run out. An advisor at the space agency has proposed equipping the International Space Station with small robotic spacecraft that can be launched from orbit to repair the Hubble at a much lower cost than a repair craft launched from earth would cost.
Which of the following, if true, is NOT a serious weakness of the space agency advisor's plan?
While in flight, the robotic spacecraft are roughly as likely to break down and require repairs as the Hubble, and they are not capable of repairing each other.
The robotic spacecraft will themselves need fuel and will require fuel to be sent from Earth at a total cost comparable to that of launching repair craft from Earth.
The robotic spacecraft proposed by the advisor will incur significant design costs not incurred by a repair craft launched from earth, which already exists.
To be effective, the proposed robotic spacecraft may require human maintenance on the International Space Station when all astronauts aboard are committed to other uses of their time.
The robotic spacecraft will not have the capability to refuel the Hubble.
Which of the following, if true, is NOT a serious weakness of the space agency advisor's plan?
While in flight, the robotic spacecraft are roughly as likely to break down and require repairs as the Hubble, and they are not capable of repairing each other.
The robotic spacecraft will themselves need fuel and will require fuel to be sent from Earth at a total cost comparable to that of launching repair craft from Earth.
The robotic spacecraft proposed by the advisor will incur significant design costs not incurred by a repair craft launched from earth, which already exists.
To be effective, the proposed robotic spacecraft may require human maintenance on the International Space Station when all astronauts aboard are committed to other uses of their time.
The robotic spacecraft will not have the capability to refuel the Hubble.
4
Each week, the Department of Defense sends food packages to its Navy Seals training in a covert operation. The ten specially ordered shipments sent out last week were sent out on Monday. Last week, all of the shipments that were sent out on Friday consisted entirely of granola bars and water. On Saturday and Sunday, no shipments were sent. Six shipments were sent to Navy Seals training in Covert Location #1, only three of which consisted of granola bars and water.
If the shipping clerk's statements are true, which of the following must also be true?
(A) At least one of the shipments sent to Covert Location #1 last week was specially ordered.
(B) At least one of last week's specially ordered shipments did not consist of granola bars and water.
(C) At least one of the shipments sent to Covert Location #1 was not sent out on Monday of last week.
(D) At least one of the shipments that were sent out on Friday of last week was sent to Covert Location #1
(E) At least one of the shipments sent to Covert Location #1 last week was sent out before Friday.
If the shipping clerk's statements are true, which of the following must also be true?
(A) At least one of the shipments sent to Covert Location #1 last week was specially ordered.
(B) At least one of last week's specially ordered shipments did not consist of granola bars and water.
(C) At least one of the shipments sent to Covert Location #1 was not sent out on Monday of last week.
(D) At least one of the shipments that were sent out on Friday of last week was sent to Covert Location #1
(E) At least one of the shipments sent to Covert Location #1 last week was sent out before Friday.
5
Internal professional sound processing boards offer sound engineers and other professionals in the recording business a hardware solution that can perform sound processing at much higher speeds than that provided by standard sound processing boards, as they are better integrated with other parts of the computer. Since the market is flooded with internal sound processors, the Axioforma company is developing a strategy to create an external sound processing board for professionals that will allow the users to access various controls that adjust the processor's input and output parameters directly. This formation will allow Axioforma to design a product that is aesthetically attractive, a serious advantage over the products that operate from within a computer only.
The financial success of Axioforma's strategy relies on which of the following assumptions?
A) A sound processing product that would allow users to directly adjust only the input parameters would be more desirable to sound professionals than one that would allow users to directly adjust only the output parameters.
B) The professional sound processor market has grown in comparison to its position at the end of the last financial year.
C) The high speed at which audio information is relayed by professional sound processing boards thanks to their proximity to other computer components is not as important as the potential of direct adjustment of components.
D) In the consumer electronics market, factors of functionality, depending on product, but often including ease-of-use, robustness, and compatibility with other products, are considered inessential when compared to aesthetics.
E) The employees in Axioforma's product design department are the most experienced and creative in their field.
The financial success of Axioforma's strategy relies on which of the following assumptions?
A) A sound processing product that would allow users to directly adjust only the input parameters would be more desirable to sound professionals than one that would allow users to directly adjust only the output parameters.
B) The professional sound processor market has grown in comparison to its position at the end of the last financial year.
C) The high speed at which audio information is relayed by professional sound processing boards thanks to their proximity to other computer components is not as important as the potential of direct adjustment of components.
D) In the consumer electronics market, factors of functionality, depending on product, but often including ease-of-use, robustness, and compatibility with other products, are considered inessential when compared to aesthetics.
E) The employees in Axioforma's product design department are the most experienced and creative in their field.
6
Minorities were five times as likely as non-minorities to be stopped by the police in 1992. Once stopped, however, they were no more likely to actually be arrested. The police have compounded the problem by loading information on these people into its permanent database, which is one of the first stops for investigating actual crimes. Innocent individuals become a permanent focus of the police because of their ethnic background.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly undermines the argument above?
(a) Policed stopped nine times more total people in 1992 than in previous years.
(b) Innocent people listed on the database are highly unlikely to be arrested for actual crimes.
(c) The database has been instrumental in the capture of several important criminals.
(d) The minority population is much larger than the non-minority population.
(e) Not everyone stopped by police is entered into the database.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly undermines the argument above?
(a) Policed stopped nine times more total people in 1992 than in previous years.
(b) Innocent people listed on the database are highly unlikely to be arrested for actual crimes.
(c) The database has been instrumental in the capture of several important criminals.
(d) The minority population is much larger than the non-minority population.
(e) Not everyone stopped by police is entered into the database.
7
A new weight-loss drug causes the loss of body fat in all patients who take the drug. In those same subjects, however, the drug also causes the loss of moderate quantities of lean body mass, where "lean body mass" refers to all body mass other than body fat.
Which of the following statements can be properly inferred from the information in the passage above?
Patients taking the new weight-loss drug will not necessarily experience a decrease in their overall percentage of body fat.
The body weight of patients taking the new weight-loss drug will not necessarily decrease.
The new weight-loss drug contains no chemical that exclusively targets the body's fat cells.
Users of the new weight-loss drug should exercise in order to maintain their current levels of lean body mass.
The new drug catalyzes the loss of body fat and the loss of lean body mass via similar mechanisms.
Which of the following statements can be properly inferred from the information in the passage above?
Patients taking the new weight-loss drug will not necessarily experience a decrease in their overall percentage of body fat.
The body weight of patients taking the new weight-loss drug will not necessarily decrease.
The new weight-loss drug contains no chemical that exclusively targets the body's fat cells.
Users of the new weight-loss drug should exercise in order to maintain their current levels of lean body mass.
The new drug catalyzes the loss of body fat and the loss of lean body mass via similar mechanisms.
8
Traditionally, candidates for elected offices have concentrated their efforts on the early stages of the campaign during which, most people believed, the voters' perceptions of candidates were formed. It is now becoming clear, however, that elections can be decided in the few days preceding election day; public opinion polls taken during recent elections provide evidence of several such races. In those cases, the losing candidates would have been well advised to have forgone early spending and instead saved funds for television advertisements late in their campaigns.
Which of the following inferences can be most reasonably drawn from the information in the passage above?
A Television has had an adverse effect on political campaigns, making them less issue-oriented.
B Politicians of the pre-television era fail to understand the important role television advertising plays in today's political campaigns.
C Public opinion polls often inaccurately reflect the mood of the electorate in the early stages of a political campaign.
D Polls taken in the days preceding a major election may not accurately predict the outcome of an election.
E Candidates should not try to define the key issues of a race until late in the campaign.
Which of the following inferences can be most reasonably drawn from the information in the passage above?
A Television has had an adverse effect on political campaigns, making them less issue-oriented.
B Politicians of the pre-television era fail to understand the important role television advertising plays in today's political campaigns.
C Public opinion polls often inaccurately reflect the mood of the electorate in the early stages of a political campaign.
D Polls taken in the days preceding a major election may not accurately predict the outcome of an election.
E Candidates should not try to define the key issues of a race until late in the campaign.
No comments:
Post a Comment