1-5 http://detafb.blogspot.in/2015/10/sc-1-5.html
6-10 - http://detafb.blogspot.in/2015/10/sc-6-10.html
1E
The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980's.
(A) The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980's.
PROBLEM: "which" is a relative pronoun that opens up a modifying phrase. The rule on that is that it must always tough the noun it modifies. The modernization of the steel mill, however, is far away from this "which", so this won't work. "Modernization program for the steel mill" is also a terrible way to word that, though not technically incorrect.
(B) The modernization program for the steel mill, hopefully completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
PROBLEM: "completed" is a past participle, which makes no sense here. This program will be completed at some point in the future. Modifying it with a past participle is illogical.
(C) Modernizing the steel mill, hopefully to be completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
PROBLEM: "Hopefully to be completed" ought to be modifying the program itself. Unfortunately, it seems to have disappeared in this question. Also "to be completed" is not a legitimate way to say this. We'd prefer "which will/can hopefully be completed...".
(D) The program for modernizing the steel mill, which can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980's and cost approximately 51 million dollars.
PROBLEM: Parallelism, because of the AND. While we hope that the program will be completed on time, we don't hope it will cost 51 million dollars. That's just what it will cost Nice try, AND. Also, this is not a complete sentence. This is because we opened up a modifying phrase with the word "which", and we never returned to the main clause "The program for modernizing the steel mill...".
(E) Modernizing the steel mill, a program that can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
ANSWER: Yep, it's got lots of commas. But commas are good! People forget the power of commas. Don't cross something out just because it's full of commas.
(A) The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980's.
PROBLEM: "which" is a relative pronoun that opens up a modifying phrase. The rule on that is that it must always tough the noun it modifies. The modernization of the steel mill, however, is far away from this "which", so this won't work. "Modernization program for the steel mill" is also a terrible way to word that, though not technically incorrect.
(B) The modernization program for the steel mill, hopefully completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
PROBLEM: "completed" is a past participle, which makes no sense here. This program will be completed at some point in the future. Modifying it with a past participle is illogical.
(C) Modernizing the steel mill, hopefully to be completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
PROBLEM: "Hopefully to be completed" ought to be modifying the program itself. Unfortunately, it seems to have disappeared in this question. Also "to be completed" is not a legitimate way to say this. We'd prefer "which will/can hopefully be completed...".
(D) The program for modernizing the steel mill, which can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980's and cost approximately 51 million dollars.
PROBLEM: Parallelism, because of the AND. While we hope that the program will be completed on time, we don't hope it will cost 51 million dollars. That's just what it will cost Nice try, AND. Also, this is not a complete sentence. This is because we opened up a modifying phrase with the word "which", and we never returned to the main clause "The program for modernizing the steel mill...".
(E) Modernizing the steel mill, a program that can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
ANSWER: Yep, it's got lots of commas. But commas are good! People forget the power of commas. Don't cross something out just because it's full of commas.
2 C
Between "would find" and "would have found" the difference lies in that, "would find" denotes a definite future possibility, but one that has still not started to exist, while "would have found" points to something that started in the past and that might well carry into the future. Hence given that it is grandparents who are involved, "would have found" fits in more aptly than "would find".
Hence we have to drop choices A, B and D. Between C and E, the passive expression "they are able" is an inferior one to the more dynamic and active "they can". C is the decisive winner.
Hence we have to drop choices A, B and D. Between C and E, the passive expression "they are able" is an inferior one to the more dynamic and active "they can". C is the decisive winner.
Clause 1: For many people, household labor remains demanding (Independent) Tense is present
Clause 2: even if able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle. (Dependent with contrast) the subject "they" is misssing here.
(A) even if able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle. Subject is missing- dont know who can afford
(B) despite being able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle. Subject is missing- Dont now about the subject.
(C) even if they can afford household appliances their grandparents would have found miraculous. Correct Choice- Usage of Can (present tense). The main/Principal clause is in present.
(D) although they could afford household appliances their grandparents would find miraculous. Wrong tense used "could"
(E) even if they are able to afford household appliances which would have been a miracle to their grandparents. Usage of which without comma
Clause 2: even if able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle. (Dependent with contrast) the subject "they" is misssing here.
(A) even if able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle. Subject is missing- dont know who can afford
(B) despite being able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle. Subject is missing- Dont now about the subject.
(C) even if they can afford household appliances their grandparents would have found miraculous. Correct Choice- Usage of Can (present tense). The main/Principal clause is in present.
(D) although they could afford household appliances their grandparents would find miraculous. Wrong tense used "could"
(E) even if they are able to afford household appliances which would have been a miracle to their grandparents. Usage of which without comma
3B
Eliminate A because group needs "believes" as the verb.
Eliminate C because the word "bioconservatives" needs the verb "predict."
Eliminate D for the same reason we eliminate A
Eliminate E because we are contrasting the verb "predict" with the noun "techno-progressives."
B is the correct choice because it corrects choice E's problem, contrast "predict" with "forecast"
Eliminate C because the word "bioconservatives" needs the verb "predict."
Eliminate D for the same reason we eliminate A
Eliminate E because we are contrasting the verb "predict" with the noun "techno-progressives."
B is the correct choice because it corrects choice E's problem, contrast "predict" with "forecast"
4 C
Removing all the modifiers, the sentence boils down to this - The agreement on women's human rights is the convention... and this convention is also described as the international bill..
In C it changes the meaning saying that the key international agreement is the convention... and that this agreement is also the international bill.
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women is also known as the International Bill of Women's Rights - not the key international agreement.
In C it changes the meaning saying that the key international agreement is the convention... and that this agreement is also the international bill.
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women is also known as the International Bill of Women's Rights - not the key international agreement.
5C
correct answer seems C: in their emergence during the 1920s
6C
customers, which is dethroned by a new company with a slightly different product concept
customers, then is dethroned by a new company with a slightly different product concept
customers but is dethroned by a new company with a slightly different product concept----->correct
customers, which is dethroned by a new company that has a slightly different product concept
customers and then is dethroned because a new company has a slightly different product concept
customers, then is dethroned by a new company with a slightly different product concept
customers but is dethroned by a new company with a slightly different product concept----->correct
customers, which is dethroned by a new company that has a slightly different product concept
customers and then is dethroned because a new company has a slightly different product concept
7 B
A. that makes the sentence better but at the same time expectations neccessitates the us e of would
B. uses that and would to make the sentence clear best bet
C. uneccessary use of it
D. more than doubling that of 1.4% is a problem
E. should have started with a that again "it" not required
B. uses that and would to make the sentence clear best bet
C. uneccessary use of it
D. more than doubling that of 1.4% is a problem
E. should have started with a that again "it" not required
OR
It cannot be expectations OF thus C,D,E are straight out. Now we have A & B
-ing form shows the present continuous, thus we need show the result in future tense. In A doubled is in past tense where as in B "would" shows the future tense.
-ing form shows the present continuous, thus we need show the result in future tense. In A doubled is in past tense where as in B "would" shows the future tense.
8A
This sentence correction problem uses an unusual modifier structure to "hide the correct answer" - a common tool used by testmakers that you learned about in the Advanced Verbal lesson. In (A), the phrase "their DNA modified…." is called an absolute phrase (a difficult but relatively common structure) and it is properly modifying seeds and how they have been engineered. Everything else in the sentence is fine so (A) is the correct answer. However many students will eliminate it because they are not familiar with the absolute phrase structure. The other four answer choices all have fatal flaws and if you use the proper strategy ("only eliminate when you are sure it is wrong" and "look for the easier decision points first") then you will get this problem correct.
OR
70 percent of X come from Y. ==> eliminate D & E
A) come from seeds that have been engineered in a laboratory, their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - "their" is not correct and wordy here
B) come from seeds that have been engineered in a laboratory, and also having their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - also having is not parallel
C) come from seeds engineered in a laboratory and that have had their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - Correct / That refers to the "70 percent of tomatoes"
D) comes from seeds that have been engineered in a laboratory and with their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - comes
E) comes from seeds that have been engineered in a laboratory, and their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - comes
A) come from seeds that have been engineered in a laboratory, their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - "their" is not correct and wordy here
B) come from seeds that have been engineered in a laboratory, and also having their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - also having is not parallel
C) come from seeds engineered in a laboratory and that have had their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - Correct / That refers to the "70 percent of tomatoes"
D) comes from seeds that have been engineered in a laboratory and with their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - comes
E) comes from seeds that have been engineered in a laboratory, and their DNA modified with genetic material not naturally found in tomato species - comes
9 C
Correct idiom here - Forbid to
A, B, E can be eliminated based the idiom error.
D - Awkward structure
Correct Choice C
A, B, E can be eliminated based the idiom error.
D - Awkward structure
Correct Choice C
10 C
A. It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers
misplaced modifier-"which " is modifying earth -incorrect
B. Although it is called a sea, actually the landlocked Caspian is the largest lake on Earth, which covers
misplaced modifier-"which " is modifying earth -incorrect
C. Though called a sea, the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, covering
covering is a verb+ing modifier which is modifying the full clause " actually......on earth"-correct
D. Though called a sea but it actually is the largest lake on Earth, the landlocked Caspian covers
wordy and awkward
E. Despite being called a sea, the largest lake on Earth is actually the landlocked Caspian, covering
wordy and awkward
misplaced modifier-"which " is modifying earth -incorrect
B. Although it is called a sea, actually the landlocked Caspian is the largest lake on Earth, which covers
misplaced modifier-"which " is modifying earth -incorrect
C. Though called a sea, the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, covering
covering is a verb+ing modifier which is modifying the full clause " actually......on earth"-correct
D. Though called a sea but it actually is the largest lake on Earth, the landlocked Caspian covers
wordy and awkward
E. Despite being called a sea, the largest lake on Earth is actually the landlocked Caspian, covering
wordy and awkward
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